Candesartan could ameliorate the COVID-19 cytokine storm

Elkahloun, Abdel G.; Saavedra, Juan M.

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110653

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 176 publications

(228 reference statements)

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“…3 , the proteins in the center of the PPI are PTGS2, IL6, TNF, MAPK14, and so on, which may play an important role in the treatment of COVID-19 with TQG. PTGS2, encoding COX2, plays an important role in SARS-CoV infections and SARS-CoV N protein causes lung inflammation by activating COX2 and stimulating multiple COX2 inflammatory cascades ( Elkahloun and Saavedra, 2020 ; He et al., 2020 ). IL-6 plays an important role in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and is supported by data from a range of studies reporting increased serum concentrations of this cytokine, foremost in the severe cases ( Nasonov and Samsonov, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network pharmacology, molecular docking integrated surface plasmon resonance technology reveals the mechanism of Toujie Quwen Granules against coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia

Luo

Ye³

et al. 2021

Phytomedicine

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Highlights Toujie Quwen Granules play an important role in the treatment of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase, RdRP, ACE2, IL-6 and S protein are the crucial enzymes for treating COVID-19. Molecular docking revealed the proposed binding characteristics between five enzymes and quercetin, calycosin, astragaloside IV, rutin, isoquercitrin. Contrary to rutin and astragaloside IV, quercetin and isoquercitrin bound to Spike protein rather than ACE2.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network pharmacology, molecular docking integrated surface plasmon resonance technology reveals the mechanism of Toujie Quwen Granules against coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia

Luo

Ye³

et al. 2021

Phytomedicine

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“…The interaction of the TLRs with NF-κB and the adaptor protein MyD88 induces an IFN-1 innate inflammatory response (161). TLRs, MyD88, and NF-kB expression is downregulated by ANG II receptor (AT 1 R) blockers (ARB), reducing inflammation and protecting lung function (162). In this context, it has been previously established that CD38-mediated Ca 21 signaling that contributes to ANG II-induced human hepatic fibrosis and increased lung fibrosis in animal models is suppressed by ARB treatment.…”

Section: Ca 21 -Mediated Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD38 in the age of COVID-19: a medical perspective

Horenstein

Faini

Malavasi

2021

Physiological Reviews

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This medical review addresses the hypothesis that CD38/NADase is at the center of a functional axis (i.e., intracellular Ca2+ mobilization/IFNɣ response/ROS burst) driven by SARS-CoV-2 infection, as already verified in Respiratory Syncytial Virus pathology and CD38 activity in other cellular settings. Key features of the hypothesis are that: i) the substrates of CD38 (e.g., NAD+ and NADP+) are depleted by viral-induced metabolic changes; ii) the products of the enzymatic activity of CD38 (e.g., cADPR/ADPR/NAADP) and related enzymes (e.g., PARPs, Sirtuins, ADP-ribosyl hydrolase) are involved in the anti‐viral and proinflammatory response that favors the onset of lung immunopathology (e.g., cytokine storm and organ fibrosis); and iii) the pathological changes induced by this kinetic mechanism may be reduced by distinct modulators of the CD38/NAD+ axis (e.g., CD38 blockers; NAD+ suppliers, among others). This view is supported by arrays of associative basic and applied research data which are herein discussed and integrated with conclusions reported by others in the field of inflammatory, immune, tumor and viral diseases.

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“…It also accelerates the lung repair and restoration after injury by negatively regulating WNT signalling in the lung [ 77 ]. PTGS2 plays a vital role in SARS-CoV-2 infection by encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COX2) [ 78 ]. SARS-CoV-2 activates COX2 and excites COX2 inflammatory cascades to cause lung inflammation [ 79 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination during COVID-19 infection

Chowdhury

Faruqe

Mehedy

et al. 2021

Computers in Biology and Medicine

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the infection of highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as the novel coronavirus. In most countries, the containment of this virus spread is not controlled, which is driving the pandemic towards a more difficult phase. In this study, we investigated the impact of the Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination on the severity and mortality of COVID‐19 by performing transcriptomic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 infected and BCG vaccinated samples in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). A set of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and seeded into their functional enrichment analyses via Gene Ontology (GO)-based functional terms and pre-annotated molecular pathways databases, and their Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis. We further analyzed the regulatory elements, possible comorbidities and putative drug candidates for COVID-19 patients who have not been BCG-vaccinated. Differential expression analyses of both BCG-vaccinated and COVID-19 infected samples identified 62 shared DEGs indicating their discordant expression pattern in their respected conditions compared to control. Next, PPI analysis of those DEGs revealed 10 hub genes, namely ITGB2, CXCL8, CXCL1, CCR2, IFNG, CCL4, PTGS2, ADORA3, TLR5 and CD33. Functional enrichment analyses found significantly enriched pathways/GO terms including cytokine activities, lysosome, IL-17 signalling pathway, TNF-signalling pathways. Moreover, a set of identified TFs, miRNAs and potential drug molecules were further investigated to assess their biological in COVID-19 and therapeutic possibilities. Findings showed significant genetic interactions between BCG vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting an interesting prospect of the BCG vaccine in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. We hope it may potentially trigger further research on this critical phenomenon to combat COVID-19 spread.

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Candesartan could ameliorate the COVID-19 cytokine storm

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 31 publications

References 176 publications

Network pharmacology, molecular docking integrated surface plasmon resonance technology reveals the mechanism of Toujie Quwen Granules against coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia

Network pharmacology, molecular docking integrated surface plasmon resonance technology reveals the mechanism of Toujie Quwen Granules against coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia

CD38 in the age of COVID-19: a medical perspective

Effects of Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination during COVID-19 infection

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