Cancro da mama vivido na relação mãe-filhos e na parentalidade

Abstract

O diagnóstico de Cancro da Mama (CM) desencadeia uma crise na doente e no seu sistema familiar, levando a mudanças no seu modo de funcionamento. O presente estudo tem como objetivos analisar as mudanças percebidas, a curto e a longo prazo, na relação mãe-filhos e na parentalidade na sequência do diagnóstico de CM materno, bem como analisar de que forma "ser mãe" influenciou o modo como as pacientes lidaram com o CM. Foram entrevistadas 17 mulheres sobreviventes de CM com filhos dependentes no momento do diagnóstico através de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados segundo a Grounded Theory. Os resultados demonstraram que esta experiência desencadeia mudanças, temporárias e permanentes, nos padrões de funcionamento familiar. Perante as mudanças nos comportamentos dos filhos, as mães adotam novas estratégias para promover bem-estar nos descendentes. Após a família se conseguir descentrar da doença, as mulheres conseguem refletir sobre os contributos da vivência do CM na relação mãe-filhos. Clinicamente, estes resultados permitem conhecer as necessidades destas mães e apoiar a elaboração de programas de intervenção psicológica, capazes de responder a essas necessidades, salientando a importância de uma intervenção sistémica e que potencie a expressão emocional. Palavras-chave:Cancro da mama, Relação mãe-filhos, Parentalidade, Modelo duplo ABCX.

Mothers with breast cancer: A mixed‐method systematic review on the impact on the parent‐child relationship

“…It is also noteworthy that, with one exception, none of the reviewed studies specifically explored the father's relationship with the children. Future studies of the impacts of this relationship on the mother‐child relationship are also needed, as there is indirect evidence that when the father assumes more active role in parenting, the mother's adaptation to her disease is facilitated . Only one study analysed changes of parental rules, but this dimension emerged spontaneously in the course of participants' interviews and was not specifically probed by the interviewer .…”

“…Parenting can be affected by BC in different ways compared to other oncological diseases, since BC may have a big impact on patients' body image . After breast surgery, some mothers tend to avoid physical contact with their children because they did not want their children to notice their body transformations . Additionally, some mothers made axillary dissection and their physicians advised against physical efforts, such as picking up and holding their children, in order to avoid lymphedema .…”

“…After breast surgery, some mothers tend to avoid physical contact with their children because they did not want their children to notice their body transformations . Additionally, some mothers made axillary dissection and their physicians advised against physical efforts, such as picking up and holding their children, in order to avoid lymphedema . These two situations are specific characteristic of BC and can cause negative feelings (eg, guilt) and thoughts (eg, sometimes they consider themselves bad mothers) .…”

“…Additionally, some mothers made axillary dissection and their physicians advised against physical efforts, such as picking up and holding their children, in order to avoid lymphedema . These two situations are specific characteristic of BC and can cause negative feelings (eg, guilt) and thoughts (eg, sometimes they consider themselves bad mothers) . Additionally, the sex of the sick parent affected children's adjustment to the cancer of their parent .…”

Communication concerns in mothers with cancer: Development and psychometric properties of a new measure

“…This is because items of CCPCS were developed considering Portuguese and international literature about concerns of parents with cancer in talking with their children about parental cancer (e.g. Fearnley & Boland, 2017; Tavares & Matos, 2016). However, first, researchers should perform a validation study and make the necessary cultural changes to the instrument.…”