Objective
To explore the mechanism of infectious disease prevention behavior on quality of life, and to investigate the mediating role of self‐efficacy and the moderating role of family structure.
Methods
A total of 3015 subjects were selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling.
Results
Infectious disease prevention behavior had a significant positive predictive effect on the quality of life (β = 0.08, p < 0.001), The self‐efficacy of family members had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between infectious disease prevention behavior and quality of life (β = 0.01, p < 0.001). Compared to nuclear family, conjugal family (β = 0.05, p < 0.001) and single‐parent family (β = 0.04, p < 0.01) could regulate the relationship between infectious disease prevention behavior and the quality of life, stem family (β = −1.53, p < 0.05), conjugal family (β = 1.63, p < 0.05), and collective family (β = −1.37, p < 0.05) could regulate the relationship between infectious disease prevention behavior and self‐efficacy, conjugal family (β = 0.00, p < 0.001) could regulate the relationship between self‐efficacy and quality of life.
Conclusion
Infectious disease prevention behavior can affect the quality of life through self‐efficacy. Different family structures play a regulatory role in different paths, and a regulatory mediation model is established.