Cancer stem cells in Helicobacter pylori infection and aging: Implications for gastric carcinogenesis

The JAK/STAT signaling cascade in gastric carcinoma (Review)

“…A combination of aging with H. pylori infection may have an additive role in the promotion of gastric carcinoma, and people having been exposed to H. pylori infection in childhood are at a high risk of developing adult gastric cancer (18,19). Concurrently, studies have shown that men are at a higher risk of developing gastric carcinoma as compared to women; particularly for H. pylori-induced gastric cancer, due to lifestyle disparities as well as estrogenmediated biological differences (7,20).…”

Correlation between FOXP3 expression and gastric cancer

“…Gastric cancer patients usually present with symptoms at a late stage, and the incidence and mortality rates of the disease in China are two-fold higher than the global incidence (15.86/100,000) and mortality rates (7.20/100,000) (22). Therefore, constructing animal models of gastric cancer to simulate the pathological state and pathophysiological processes of gastric cancer patients represents a useful approach to investigate the underlying mechanism and to identify novel treatments for the disease (23,24).…”

Regulation of Gastric Metaplasia, Dysplasia, and Neoplasia by Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling

“…The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of gastric neoplasms in the context of chronic inflammation have been only partially characterized. One current hypothesis is that chronic inflammatory stimuli such as infection with Helicobacter organisms can cause aberrations in the normal biological functions of gastric stem/progenitor cells, leading to the development of metaplastic and dysplastic changes of the gastric mucosa and ultimately to neoplasias 50 . Indeed, both intestinal metaplasia and SPEM have been associated with the development of inflammation-induced gastric neoplasms 51, 52.…”