Cancer stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, ATP and their roles in drug resistance in cancer

Zhang, Haiyun; Steed, Alexander; Co, Milo; Chen, Xiaozhuo

doi:10.20517/cdr.2021.32

Cited by 22 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 217 publications

(526 reference statements)

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“…The stepwise increases in many miRNAs, including miR-185 -5p, being statistically significant in patients with local, locally advanced, and metastatic PC (p < 0.05), suggesting that this miRNA may be used as biomarkers in disease prognosis (Table 4). Increasing evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs) in PC tissue are responsible for treatment failure due to their key role in metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and drug resistance [56,57]. Moreover, aberrant miRNA expression has been reported to play an important role in maintaining PCSC associated with drug resistance, metastasis, and therapeutic failures [58].…”

Section: Upregulated Mir-185mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of miRNA-145, 148, and 185 and Stem Cells in Prostate Cancer

Coradduzza

Cruciani

Arru

et al. 2022

IJMS

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play a role in cancer linked to the regulation of important cellular processes and pathways involving tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. A lot of human miRNA sequences have been identified which are linked to cancer pathogenesis. MicroRNAs, in prostate cancer (PC), play a relevant role as biomarkers, show a specific profile, and have been used as therapeutic targets. Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men. Clinical diagnoses among the gold standards for PC diagnosis and monitoring are prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, digital rectal examination, and prostate needle biopsies. PSA screening still has a large grey area of patients, which leads to overdiagnosis. Therefore, new biomarkers are needed to improve existing diagnostic tools. The miRNA expression profiles from tumour versus normal tissues are helpful and exhibit significant differences not only between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues, but also between different cancer types and subtypes. In this review, we focus on the role of miRNAs-145, 148, and 185 and their correlation with stem cells in prostate cancer pathogenesis. MiR-145, by modulating multiple oncogenes, regulates different cellular processes in PC, which are involved in the transition from localised to metastatic disease. MiR-148 is downregulated in high-grade tumours, suggesting that the miR-148-3 family might act as tumour suppressors in PC as a potential biomarker for detecting this disease. MiR-185 regulation is still unclear in being able to regulate tumour processes in PC. Nevertheless, other authors confirm the role of this miRNA as a tumour suppressor, suggesting its potential use as a suitable biomarker in disease prognosis. These three miRNAs are all involved in the regulation of prostate cancer stem cell behaviour (PCSCs). Within this contest, PCSCs are often involved in the onset of chemo-resistance in PC, therefore strategies for targeting this subset of cells are strongly required to control the disease. Hence, the relationship between these two players is interesting and important in prostate cancer pathogenesis and in PCSC stemness regulation, in the attempt to pave the way for novel therapeutic targets in prostate cancer.

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Section: Upregulated Mir-185mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of miRNA-145, 148, and 185 and Stem Cells in Prostate Cancer

Coradduzza

Cruciani

Arru

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Yet, there is evidence in traced lineages indicative of stochastic growth patterns in tumor tissue [202]. This indicates a sensitivity to the microenvironment suggestive of a feedback control loop in CSC maintenance [63,65,202]-in fact, TME regulation of CSC plasticity has even been linked to regulated quiescence [203,204], which is central to immune escape [110,205] and metastatic initiation in CSC and other tumor-initiating phenotypes [204,206,207]. Quiescence-induced tumorigenesis during immune-compromised conditions as well as the endowed immunosuppressive properties also contribute towards CSC-mediated chemoresistance [203][204][205]208].…”

Section: Stem Cell Involvement In Tumor Microenvironment Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Stem Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment: Targeting the Critical Crosstalk through Nanocarrier Systems

Nayak

Warrier

Kumar

2022

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

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The physiological state of the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a central role in cancer development due to multiple universal features that transcend heterogeneity and niche specifications, like promoting cancer progression and metastasis. As a result of their preponderant involvement in tumor growth and maintenance through several microsystemic alterations, including hypoxia, oxidative stress, and acidosis, TMEs make for ideal targets in both diagnostic and therapeutic ventures. Correspondingly, methodologies to target TMEs have been investigated this past decade as stratagems of significant potential in the genre of focused cancer treatment. Within targeted oncotherapy, nanomedical derivates—nanocarriers (NCs) especially—have emerged to present notable prospects in enhancing targeting specificity. Yet, one major issue in the application of NCs in microenvironmental directed therapy is that TMEs are too broad a spectrum of targeting possibilities for these carriers to be effectively employed. However, cancer stem cells (CSCs) might portend a solution to the above conundrum: aside from being quite heavily invested in tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance, CSCs also show self-renewal and fluid clonogenic properties that often define specific TME niches. Further scrutiny of the relationship between CSCs and TMEs also points towards mechanisms that underly tumoral characteristics of metastasis, malignancy, and even resistance. This review summarizes recent advances in NC-enabled targeting of CSCs for more holistic strikes against TMEs and discusses both the current challenges that hinder the clinical application of these strategies as well as the avenues that can further CSC-targeting initiatives. Graphical abstract Central role of CSCs in regulation of cellular components within the TME

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“…CSCs may acquire resistance to chemotherapy via several mechanisms: overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and antiapoptotic molecules, abnormal activation of signaling pathways, acquisition of multidrug resistance due to enhanced DNA repair activity, and the presence of a tumor microenvironment (TME) that protects tumor cells from drugs. There is a wide range of possibilities, such as the formation of a niche to protect tumor cells from drugs via the tumor microenvironment (TME) or dormancy (inactivity) in the body, followed by activation (after several years or decades) [ 154 , 155 ]. In the tumor microenvironment surrounding cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could affect cancer cells to enhance their stemness [ 156 , 157 , 158 ].…”

Section: Stem Cells and Changes In Drug Efflux (Drug Transporters)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Non-Coding RNAs on Chemotherapeutic Resistance in Oral Cancer

et al. 2022

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Drug resistance in oral cancer is one of the major problems in oral cancer therapy because therapeutic failure directly results in tumor recurrence and eventually in metastasis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), in processes related to the development of drug resistance. A number of studies have shown that ncRNAs modulate gene expression at the transcriptional or translational level and regulate biological processes, such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, DNA repair and drug efflux, which are tightly associated with drug resistance acquisition in many types of cancer. Interestingly, these ncRNAs are commonly detected in extracellular vesicles (EVs) and are known to be delivered into surrounding cells. This intercellular communication via EVs is currently considered to be important for acquired drug resistance. Here, we review the recent advances in the study of drug resistance in oral cancer by mainly focusing on the function of ncRNAs, since an increasing number of studies have suggested that ncRNAs could be therapeutic targets as well as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.

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Cancer stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, ATP and their roles in drug resistance in cancer

Cited by 22 publications

References 217 publications

Role of miRNA-145, 148, and 185 and Stem Cells in Prostate Cancer

Role of miRNA-145, 148, and 185 and Stem Cells in Prostate Cancer

Cancer Stem Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment: Targeting the Critical Crosstalk through Nanocarrier Systems

Impact of Non-Coding RNAs on Chemotherapeutic Resistance in Oral Cancer

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