Cancer stem cells: An insight

Moharil, Rohit; Dive, Alka; Khandekar, Shubhangi; Bodhade, Ashish

doi:10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_132_16

Cited by 67 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The carcinogenicity of colorectal CSCs is a multistep process characterized by a series of genetic alterations. 7,10 Research on CSCs has begun to attract increasing attention, and computational annotations for assessing these mRNA functions have been proven to be effective. 30 We performed GO and KEGG enrichment analyses for our hypothetical gene sets to explore the functions of these 155 genes, and the results showed involvement in significant the biological processes and KEGG pathways mentioned above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional information underlying the generation of CSCs and the construction of a nine-mRNA signature to improve prognosis prediction in colorectal cancer

Zheng

Yang

Qiu

et al. 2020

Cancer Biology & Therapy

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Background: Despite recent progress in screening survival-related genes, there have been few attempts to apply methods based on cancer stem cells (CSCs) for prognosis. We aimed to identify a CSC-based model to predict survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Material/Methods: Differentially expressed genes between CRC and normal tissues and between CD133-and CD133+ cells were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, and intersections were evaluated. Gene Ontology functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyzes were performed. STRING was used to investigate interactions between the encoded proteins and the Kaplan-Meier method to verify mRNAs associated with survival. A prognostic model based on CSCs was established via univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to test the model's sensitivity and specificity. The KS test was applied to provide evidence for relationships between expression levels of nine mRNAs in our model and pathological stage. Results: In total, 155 common differentially expressed mRNAs were identified, and nine (AOC1, UCN, MTUS1, CDC20, SNCB, MAT1A, TUBB2B, GABRA4 and ALPP) were screened after regression analyses to establish a predictive model for classifying patients into high-and low-risk groups with significantly different overall survival times, especially for stage II and IV patients. Conclusions: We developed a novel model that provides additional and powerful prognostic information beyond conventional clinicopathological factors for CRC survival prediction. It also provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the transition from normal tissues to CSCs and formation of tumor tissues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional information underlying the generation of CSCs and the construction of a nine-mRNA signature to improve prognosis prediction in colorectal cancer

Zheng

Yang

Qiu

et al. 2020

Cancer Biology & Therapy

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“…Recently, this same group demonstrated the chemopreventive effect of a special diet supplemented with falcarinol and falcarindiol on colorectal precancerous lesions in a dose-dependent manner; besides, this effect was mainly mediated by inhibition of NF-κB and its downstream inflammatory markers, especially COX-2 [299]. Anticarcinogenic properties of falcarinol were also demonstrated in cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), in which it played an essential role in tumor occurrence, evolution, metastasis, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance [300], as well as in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [301]. Essentially, falcarinol eliminated CSC population in NSCLC and abolished lung tumor formation in mice via HSP90 (a molecular chaperone of numerous oncoproteins) modulation [302].…”

Section: Falcarinolmentioning

confidence: 94%

Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant

et al. 2020

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Medicinal use of Cannabis sativa L. has an extensive history and it was essential in the discovery of phytocannabinoids, including the Cannabis major psychoactive compound—Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)—as well as the G-protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors (CBR), named cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1R) and cannabinoid receptor type-2 (CB2R), both part of the now known endocannabinoid system (ECS). Cannabinoids is a vast term that defines several compounds that have been characterized in three categories: (i) endogenous, (ii) synthetic, and (iii) phytocannabinoids, and are able to modulate the CBR and ECS. Particularly, phytocannabinoids are natural terpenoids or phenolic compounds derived from Cannabis sativa. However, these terpenoids and phenolic compounds can also be derived from other plants (non-cannabinoids) and still induce cannabinoid-like properties. Cannabimimetic ligands, beyond the Cannabis plant, can act as CBR agonists or antagonists, or ECS enzyme inhibitors, besides being able of playing a role in immune-mediated inflammatory and infectious diseases, neuroinflammatory, neurological, and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as in cancer, and autoimmunity by itself. In this review, we summarize and critically highlight past, present, and future progress on the understanding of the role of cannabinoid-like molecules, mainly terpenes, as prospective therapeutics for different pathological conditions.

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“…The CSC hypothesis key points include that only a minute number of cells inside a tumor have tumorigenic potential and can be separated from the rest of tumor cells. Furthermore, CSC-induced tumors contain a mixed population of tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cells of the original tumor and can also be transplanted in various generations [15,16]. Thus, the overall concept is that CSCs have self-renewal and heterogenic differentiation potential, which results in tumor formation [14] (Figure 1).…”

Section: Normal and Cancer Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of miRNA-Regulated Cancer Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis of Human Malignancies

Khan

Ahmed

Elareer

et al. 2019

Cells

233

168

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Recent biomedical discoveries have revolutionized the concept and understanding of carcinogenesis, a complex and multistep phenomenon which involves accretion of genetic, epigenetic, biochemical, and histological changes, with special reference to MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs). miRNAs are small noncoding molecules known to regulate expression of more than 60% of the human genes, and their aberrant expression has been associated with the pathogenesis of human cancers and the regulation of stemness features of CSCs. CSCs are the small population of cells present in human malignancies well-known for cancer resistance, relapse, tumorigenesis, and poor clinical outcome which compels the development of novel and effective therapeutic protocols for better clinical outcome. Interestingly, the role of miRNAs in maintaining and regulating the functioning of CSCs through targeting various oncogenic signaling pathways, such as Notch, wingless (WNT)/β-Catenin, janus kinases/ signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ protein kinase B (PI3/AKT), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-kB), is critical and poses a huge challenge to cancer treatment. Based on recent findings, here, we have documented the regulatory action or the underlying mechanisms of how miRNAs affect the signaling pathways attributed to stemness features of CSCs, such as self-renewal, differentiation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, resistance and recurrence etc., associated with the pathogenesis of various types of human malignancies including colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, etc. We also shed light on the fact that the targeted attenuation of deregulated functioning of miRNA related to stemness in human carcinogenesis could be a viable approach for cancer treatment.

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Cancer stem cells: An insight

Cited by 67 publications

References 16 publications

Transcriptional information underlying the generation of CSCs and the construction of a nine-mRNA signature to improve prognosis prediction in colorectal cancer

Transcriptional information underlying the generation of CSCs and the construction of a nine-mRNA signature to improve prognosis prediction in colorectal cancer

Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant

Role of miRNA-Regulated Cancer Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis of Human Malignancies

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