Cancer statistics, 2016

Siegel, Rebecca L.; Miller, Kimberly D.; Jemal, Ahmedin

doi:10.3322/caac.21332

Cited by 15,030 publications

(10,913 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…1 Despite radical cystectomy for local regional disease approximately 40% of patients will fail treatment for curative intent. 2 Those patients are subsequently treated with salvage chemotherapy and/or radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from bladder cancer

et al. 2018

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Advanced bladder cancer patients have limited therapeutic options resulting in a median overall survival (OS) between 12 and 15 months. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been used successfully in treating patients with metastatic melanoma, resulting in a median OS of 52 months. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of expanding TIL from the tumors of bladder cancer patients. Primary bladder tumors and lymph node (LN) metastases were collected. Tumor specimens were minced into fragments, placed in individual wells of a 24-well plate, and propagated in high dose IL-2 for four weeks. Expanded TIL were phenotyped by flow cytometry and anti-tumor reactivity was assessed after co-culture with autologous tumor digest and IFN-gamma ELISA. Of the 28 transitional cell bladder or LN tumors collected, 14/20 (70%) primary tumors and all of the LN metastases demonstrated TIL expansion. Expanded TIL were predominantly CD3+ (median 63%, range 10–87%) with a median of 30% CD8 + T cells (range 5–70%). TIL secreted IFN-gamma in response to autologous tumor. Addition of agonisitic 4-1BB antibody improved TIL expansion from primary bladder tumors regardless of pre-treatment with chemotherapy. This study establishes the practical first step towards an autologous TIL therapy process for therapeutic testing in patients with bladder cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from bladder cancer

et al. 2018

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“…The prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is dismal, with a 5‐year overall survival rate of approximately 5 per cent1. Rates of curative resection remain low and adjuvant therapy failure, even after curative resection, has only limited impact2, 3, 4, 5, 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on patterns of recurrence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

et al. 2018

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BackgroundNeoadjuvant therapy may increase the rate of radical tumour resection in patients with pancreatic cancer. Its impact on tumour recurrence has not been investigated fully. This study aimed to assess the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on patterns of recurrence.MethodsA systematic review was performed of articles identified through the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Ovid and Google Scholar databases that analysed the relationship between neoadjuvant therapy and recurrence published to January 2016. The main endpoint was overall tumour recurrence. Other endpoints included local recurrence, any kind of distant, hepatic, pulmonary or peritoneal metastasis.ResultsA total of 4257 citations were reviewed. Twelve observational studies comprising 1365 patients were analysed. Neoadjuvant therapy significantly reduced the risk of overall (risk ratio (RR) 0·82, 95 per cent c.i. 0·74 to 0·90; P < 0·001) and local (RR 0·42, 0·32 to 0·55; P < 0·001) recurrence. Neoadjuvant therapy did not reduce the risk of any kind of distant (RR 1·02, 0·91 to 1·14; P = 0·78), hepatic (RR 0·86, 0·68 to 1·10; P = 0·23), pulmonary (RR 0·99, 0·37 to 2·66; P = 0·98) or peritoneal (RR 0·88, 0·57 to 1·38; P = 0·58) metastasis.ConclusionNeoadjuvant therapy reduced the risk of local recurrence but not that of distant metastasis.

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“…Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer‐related death among women in the United States 1. Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC)—defined as absence of expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) as well as no overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)—accounts for approximately 10% to 20% of all cases of breast cancer 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fascin‐1 as a novel diagnostic marker of triple‐negative breast cancer

et al. 2016

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In some cases of breast cancer, diagnosis of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) requires further fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for determining human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. However, few cases undergo FISH in China, leading to difficulty regarding subsequent treatment decisions. Here, we used immunohistochemical analysis to explore expression of fascin‐1, an actin‐bundling protein, as a diagnostic marker of TNBC. A total of 457 cases of breast cancer were divided into four molecular subtypes, including 82 cases (17.9%) of TNBC, 81 (17.7%) of HER2‐enriched, 185 (40.5%) of luminal A, and 109 (23.9%) of luminal B. Positive fascin‐1 expression was seen in 144 cases (31.5%), including 77 (16.8%) strong positive cases. Rates of positive and strong positive expression of fascin‐1 were significantly higher in cases of TNBC than in the other molecular subtypes. In all cases of breast cancer, the sensitivities and specificities of positive and strong positive fascin‐1 expression for predicting TNBC were 87.8% and 80.8%, and 78.0% and 96.5%, respectively. In cases of hormone receptor–negative breast cancer, the sensitivities and specificities of positive and strong positive fascin‐1 expression for predicting TNBC were 87.8% and 61.7%, and 78.0% and 92.6%, respectively. In 24 cases with estrogen receptor (ER)‐, PR‐, and HER2 2 + equivocal status who underwent FISH, the sensitivity and specificity of strong positive fascin‐1 expression for predicting TNBC were 71.4% and 90.0%. These results suggest that strong positive fascin‐1 expression can be used as a diagnostic marker of TNBC.

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Cancer statistics, 2016

Cited by 15,030 publications

References 57 publications

Expansion of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from bladder cancer

Expansion of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from bladder cancer

Meta-analysis of the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on patterns of recurrence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Fascin‐1 as a novel diagnostic marker of triple‐negative breast cancer

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