Cancer Statistics, 1974--Worldwide Epidemiology

Silverberg, B S Edwin; Holleb, Arthur I.

doi:10.3322/canjclin.24.1.2

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…We believe that it offers a better rationalisation of the facts. Colon cancer is rare in Africa, Asia and in most of South America but is common in North West Europe and in North America; indeed the colon is the commonest site of cancer in the United States [37], Migrant studies have shown that genetic factors are unimportant and that environmental agents are the major causative factors. Comparison of three races (Bantu, Indian and European) in South Africa shows that climate and atmospheric components are also unimportant, and it is now generally accepted that colon cancer has a dietary aetiology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Colon Cancer: A Disease of Fibre Depletion or of Dietary Excess ?

Hill¹

1974

Digestion

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It cannot be denied that the fibre theory is attractive and appears to be firmly based in ‘common sense’ – one would expect a priori that all of the statements are likely to be true. When further investigated, however, we find that ‘common sense’ has again let us down and that an expected relation is in fact reversed simply because the situation is much more complex than expected (the best example is the lack of relation between bowel transit time and the degree of bacterial degradation of fecal steroids, etc.). There is little virtue in criticising a hypothesis unless a better one can be suggested as a replacement. I would therefore like to reiterate the hypothesis that I and my colleagues have been investigating. We believe that it offers a better rationalisation of the facts.

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confidence: 99%

Colon Cancer: A Disease of Fibre Depletion or of Dietary Excess ?

Hill¹

1974

Digestion

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“…Figure shows the changes in the mortality rate of prostate cancer in the USA between 1970 and 2018, and in Japan between 1958 and 2018 . The changes in this rate also differ markedly between the USA and Japan, possibly due to differences in screening exposure and screening policy.…”

Section: Recent Trends In the Incidence And Mortality Of Prostate Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for prostate cancer: History, evidence, controversies and future perspectives toward individualized screening

et al. 2019

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Differences in the incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer between the USA and Japan have been decreasing over time, and were only twofold in 2017. Therefore, countermeasures against prostate cancer could be very important not only in Western countries, but also in developed Asian countries. Screening for prostate cancer in the general population using transrectal ultrasonography, digital rectal examination and/or prostate acid phosphatase began in Japan in the early 1980s, and screening with prostate‐specific antigen and digital rectal examination has been widespread in the USA since the late 1980s. Large‐ and mid‐scale randomized controlled trials on screening for prostate cancer began around 1990 in the USA, Canada and Europe. However, most of these studies failed as randomized controlled trials because of high contamination in the control arm, low compliance in the screening arm or insufficient screening setting about screening frequency and/or biopsy indication. The best available level 1 evidence is data from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer and the Göteborg screening study. However, several non‐urological organizations and lay media around the world have mischaracterized the efficacy of prostate‐specific antigen screening. To avoid long‐term confusion about screening for prostate cancer, leading professional urological organizations, including the Japanese Urological Association, are moving toward the establishment of an optimal screening system that minimizes the drawbacks of overdetection, overtreatment and loss of quality of life due to treatment, and maximizes reductions in the risk of death as a result of prostate cancer and the development of metastatic prostate cancer.

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“…Hormonal therapy: it is uses of for special types of cancer such as breast cancer and prostate cancer. In which blocked the release of such hormones to reduce the risk of cancer [11][12].…”

Section: Common Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of viruses to cancer and its global burden

Shaz¹

2019

Glob J Cancer Ther

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Cancer is the one of most leading cause of death and fast growing disease with increase its global burden due to cancer causing behavior particularly smoking, drinking alcohol coal mining worker, consumption of non-organic foods, uses of non-food grad utensils and uses of food additives. About 13.5 million case of cancer have been reported worldwide in which 7.8 million deaths occur. Out of 7.8 million mortality rate 73% death cases have been reported in poor or middle socioeconomic countries. Where population are unaware, poor sanitation and lack of hygiene. Cancer is the most sever and life threatening disease which cause millions of death worldwide. It has high mortality rate that's vary country to country and 2 million cases are occur in the world each year. In which most of the cases of breast cancer are reported. There are numerous risk factors which are responsible and associated with different types of cancer, such as Nickle, asbestos, metallic ores containing radioactive substances, atmospheric carcinogen and cigarette smoking have been associated with lung cancer. Mortality rate of breast cancer is higher in upper socioeconomic group or Jewish women. Uterine cervix cancer is determine as second most common and have been reported as higher mortality rate. It has found in lower class or low socioeconomic group due sophisticated sexual activity. Advanced countries are highly at risk of prostate cancer as compare to low status country like Asia, Latin America and Africa. Verity of viruses have been reported in number of cancer such as leukemia, burkits lymphoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, cervical cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and triggered Liver cancer etc. Global burden of cancer could be control or prevented by advance applications, upgrade clinical practices, develop policies, plans for cancer control program and provide access to advance technologies and equipment. Enhance research centers to create or promote innovative treatment and diagnosis for cancer patients. CDC, WHO and FDA should be create cancer control center or program on national level and these center should have be well educated staff. Organization must be update report from these center and create database for cancer patient which easily classify old and new cases of cancer. Start campaign door-to-door by print media, social media and through cyber networks.

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Cancer Statistics, 1974--Worldwide Epidemiology

Cited by 24 publications

References 53 publications

Colon Cancer: A Disease of Fibre Depletion or of Dietary Excess ?

Colon Cancer: A Disease of Fibre Depletion or of Dietary Excess ?

Screening for prostate cancer: History, evidence, controversies and future perspectives toward individualized screening

Contribution of viruses to cancer and its global burden

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