Cancer screening in the United States, 2011

Smith, Robert A.; Cokkinides, Vilma; Brooks, Durado; Saslow, Debbie; Shah, Rashed; Brawley, Otis W.

doi:10.3322/caac.20096

Cited by 306 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Cervical cancer screenings are important because they result in early detection and early treatment of disease, however, there are differences among screening patterns of different ethnicities (Smith et al, 2011;Simard et al, 2012;Haile et al, 2012). Because of these disparities, it is imperative to assess the differences in cervical cancer survival across ethnicities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Disparities between Black Hispanic and Black Non-Hispanic Cervical Cancer Cases in the USA

Khan¹,

Gabbidon²,

Abdool-Ghany³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Globally, cervical cancer is a major public health concern. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women, resulting in approximately 500,000 cases per year. The purpose of this study is to compare disease characteristics between Black Hispanic (BH) and Black non-Hispanic (BNH) women in the US. Materials and Methods: We used stratified random sampling to select cervical cancer patient records from the SEER database (1973-2009). We used Chi-square and independent samples t-test to examine differences in proportions and means. Results: The sample included 2,000 cervical cancer cases of Black non-Hispanic and 91 Black Hispanic women. There were statistically significant differences between black Hispanic and black nonHispanics in mean age at diagnosis (p<0.001), mean survival time (p<0.001), marital status (p<0.001), primary site of cancer (p<0.001); lymph node involvement (p<0.001); grading and differentiation (p<0.0001); and tumor behavior (p<0.001). Black women were more likely to develop cervical cancer and to have the highest mortality rates from the disease. Conclusions: Findings from this study show clear racial and ethnic disparities in cervical cancer incidence and prognosis that should be addressed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Disparities between Black Hispanic and Black Non-Hispanic Cervical Cancer Cases in the USA

Khan¹,

Gabbidon²,

Abdool-Ghany³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…The current American Cancer Society Guidelines has included awareness as young as the age of 20 years with screening starting at the age of 40 years and at the age of 30 years for high-risk women (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking: Ideal Screening Age for Breast Cancer in Developing Countries

2015

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Objective: The aim is to identify the ideal screening age for women in developing countries and to determine the suitable method for early detection of breast cancer based on age and readiness of the community. Materials and Methods:A 30-year retrospective review (from 1984 to 2014) was undertaken at King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. Medical records of those diagnosed with breast cancer from the outpatient department and hospital admission records were reviewed, focusing mainly on demographic data, age, and time at presentation. Radiological and histopathological records were also reviewed for confirmation of diagnosis. Age-based statistical review was undertaken of the female population within the hospital catchment area. Results:The total number of patients was 1.832, accounting for 0.8 % affected patients when plotted against the 235,339 females within the catchment area. Considering the standard screening age of 40 years, patients were divided into two groups: group I included those below the age of 40 years at the time of diagnosis, accounting for 641patients (35%), and group II included those above the age of 40 years, accounting for 1191 patients (65%). Group I patients were mostly reassured in primary healthcare centers, diagnostic modalities were used with reservation, relying solely on ultrasonography 276 (43%); whereas in group II patients, mammography was used liberally, which aided in the diagnosis in all 1191 (100%). Conclusion:Despite the undisputable notion that breast cancer has higher predilection for women above the age of 40 years, there is a substantial subset of affected younger women in developing countries, which contradicts this concept. However, the scarcity of structured sessions in developing countries dictates Western-based early detection strategies, but the validity of such programs is culture-governed. Rigorously tailored screening programs directed towards individual communities are mandatory. Reducing the screening age by a decade in developing countries may increase the capture of early breast cancer and improve the outcomes.

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“…Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer with high mortality rate in women over the age of 40 worldwide [1], and scientific evidences have repeatedly shown that the effective detection and treatment of earlier cancer significantly reduced patients' mortality and morbidity rates [2][3][4]. Although conventional X-ray mammography is the most widely used cancer screening and detection tool to date, it has a number of limitations; for example, cancer detection sensitivity of screening mammography is substantially reduced from the range of 98 to 100 % in fatty breasts (BIRADS 1) to 30 to 48 % in dense breasts (BIRADS 3 or 4) [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Breast DCE-MRI Images Using Bilateral Asymmetry of Contrast Enhancement Between Two Breasts

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2013

J Digit Imaging

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Dynamic contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) of breasts is an important imaging modality in breast cancer diagnosis with higher sensitivity but relatively lower specificity. The objective of this study is to investigate a new approach to help improve diagnostic performance of DCE-MRI examinations based on the automated detection and analysis of bilateral asymmetry of characteristic kinetic features between the left and right breast. An image dataset involving 130 DCE-MRI examinations was assembled and used in which 80 were biopsyproved malignant and 50 were benign. A computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme was developed to segment breast areas depicted on each MR image, register images acquired from the sequential MR image scan series, compute average contrast enhancement of all pixels in one breast, and a set of kinetic features related to the difference of contrast enhancement between the left and right breast, and then use a multifeature based Bayesian belief network to classify between malignant and benign cases. A leave-one-case-out validation method was applied to test CAD performance. The computed area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is 0.78±0.04. The positive and negative predictive values are 0.77 and 0.64, respectively. The study indicates that bilateral asymmetry of kinetic features between the left and right breasts is a potentially useful image biomarker to enhance the detection of angiogenesis associated with malignancy. It also demonstrates the feasibility of applying a simple CAD approach to classify between malignant and benign DCE-MRI examinations based on this new image biomarker.

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Cancer screening in the United States, 2011

Cited by 306 publications

References 106 publications

Health Disparities between Black Hispanic and Black Non-Hispanic Cervical Cancer Cases in the USA

Health Disparities between Black Hispanic and Black Non-Hispanic Cervical Cancer Cases in the USA

Rethinking: Ideal Screening Age for Breast Cancer in Developing Countries

Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Breast DCE-MRI Images Using Bilateral Asymmetry of Contrast Enhancement Between Two Breasts

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