Cancer risk in HIV-infected individuals on HAART is largely attributed to oncogenic infections and state of immunocompetence

Vogel, Martin; Friedrich, O; Lüchters, Guido; Holleczek, Bernd; Wasmuth, Jan Christian; Anadol, Evrim; Schwarze‐Zander, Carolynne; Nattermann, Jacob; Oldenburg, Johannes; Sauerbruch, Tilman; Rockstroh, Jürgen K.; Spengler, Ulrich

doi:10.1186/2047-783x-16-3-101

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The Bonn cohort in Vogel et al . seems to be more similar to ours , with the risk in HIV‐infected patients in the Vogel et al . study being four times higher in men [SIR = 4.4 (95% CI 3.6–5.3)] and about three times higher in women [SIR = 2.5 (95% CI 1.4–3.9)], relative to the general population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Incidence of AIDS‐defining cancers and virus‐related and non‐virus‐related non‐AIDS‐defining cancers among HIV‐infected patients compared with the general population in a large health district of northern Italy, 1999–2009

et al. 2013

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ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) and virus-related and non-virus-related non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) in HIV-infected patients compared with the general population, and to assess the risk factors associated with these malignancies. MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study for the period from 1999 to 2009 of HIV-infected patients residing in the Local Health Authority of Brescia (northern Italy). Observed cancers in patients with HIV infection were compared with expected cancers in the population living in the same area using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Risk factors were assessed using Poisson regression analysis. ResultsA total of 5090 HIV-infected patients were included in the study, with 32 390 person-years of follow-up. We recorded 416 tumours in 390 HIV-infected patients. Two hundred of these (48.1%) were ADCs, 138 (33.2%) were non-virus-related NADCs and 78 (18.7%) were virus-related NADCs. An increased risk (SIR = 4.2) of cancers overall was found in HIV-infected patients. A large excess of ADCs (SIR = 31.0) and virus-related NADCs (SIR = 12.3) was observed in HIV-infected patients, while the excess risk for non-virus-related NADCs was small (SIR = 1.6). The highest SIRs were observed for Kaposi sarcoma among ADCs and for Hodgkin lymphoma among virus-related NADCs. Conversely, among non-virus-related NADCs, SIRs for a broad range of malignancies were close to unity. In multivariate analysis, increasing age and CD4 cell count < 50 cells/mL were the only factors independently associated with all cancers. ConclusionsAmong HIV-infected people there was an excess of ADCs and also of NADCs, particularly those related to viral infections. Ageing and severe immunodeficiency were the strongest predictors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The old division between ADCs and NADCs has been widely used [1][2][3][4][5][6], and some recent studies divided malignancies into infection-related types and cancers unrelated to infectious diseases [25,26]. In this study, a categorization in which cancers were divided into ADCs, virusrelated NADCs and non-virus-related NADCs was used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of AIDS‐defining cancers and virus‐related and non‐virus‐related non‐AIDS‐defining cancers among HIV‐infected patients compared with the general population in a large health district of northern Italy, 1999–2009

et al. 2013

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“…35 Of the 1476 patients entered into their study, they identified 114 patients with invasive cancers. As in other studies, malignancies associated with infectious agents [e.g.…”

Section: Anal Hpv Infection and Disease In Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Anal Cancer in Women

Moscicki

Darragh

Berry-Lawhorn

et al. 2015

Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease

131

122

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Objective The incidence of anal cancer is higher in women than men in the general population and has been increasing for several decades. Similar to cervical cancer, most anal cancers are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) and it is believed that anal cancers are preceded by anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Our goal was to summarize the literature on anal cancer, HSIL and HPV infection in women, and provide screening recommendations in women. Methods A group of experts convened by the ASCCP and the International Anal Neoplasia Society reviewed the literature on anal HPV infection, anal SIL and anal cancer in women. Results Anal HPV infection is common in women but is relatively transient in most. The risk of anal HSIL and cancer varies considerably by risk group, with HIV-infected women and those with a history of lower genital tract neoplasia (LGTN) at highest risk compared with the general population. Conclusions While there are no data yet to demonstrate that identification and treatment of anal HSIL leads to reduced risk of anal cancer, women in groups at the highest risk should be queried for anal cancer symptoms and have digital anorectal examinations to detect anal cancers. HIV-infected women and women with LGTN, may be considered for screening with anal cytology with triage to treatment if HSIL is diagnosed. Healthy women with no known risk factors or anal cancer symptoms do not need to be routinely screened for anal cancer or anal HSIL.

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“…[6] Whether genetic factor(s) play any role in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancers in HIV-positive patients is not clear. [4] Papillary thyroid carcinoma[7] and medullary thyroid carcinoma[8] were reported in advanced HIV positive patients. They were receiving antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection unlike our patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid cancer in a long-term nonprogressor HIV-1 infection

Phatak

Chitale

Jagdale

2015

Indian J Sex Transm Dis

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Long-term non-progressor HIV infection (LTNP-HIV) is seen in <1 percent of HIV-afflicted population. There are definite criteria for the diagnosis of LTNP-HIV. Malignancies either solid tumors or haematological cancers have not been reported in such population. We report here a rare case of follicular thyroid carcinoma in LTNP-HIV infection. She never had any opportunistic infections. She did not receive anti-retroviral therapy in the entire course of illness and continued to have good quality of life. Treatment of follicular thyroid cancer was similar to other patients without HIV infection. This could be the first case study from India.

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Cancer risk in HIV-infected individuals on HAART is largely attributed to oncogenic infections and state of immunocompetence

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Incidence of AIDS‐defining cancers and virus‐related and non‐virus‐related non‐AIDS‐defining cancers among HIV‐infected patients compared with the general population in a large health district of northern Italy, 1999–2009

Incidence of AIDS‐defining cancers and virus‐related and non‐virus‐related non‐AIDS‐defining cancers among HIV‐infected patients compared with the general population in a large health district of northern Italy, 1999–2009

Screening for Anal Cancer in Women

Thyroid cancer in a long-term nonprogressor HIV-1 infection

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