Cancer Rates After Year 2000 Significantly Decrease in Children With Perinatal HIV Infection: A Study by the Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children

Chiappini, Elena; Galli, Luisa; Tovo, Pier-Angelo; Gabiano, Clara; Lisi, Catiuscia; Giaquinto, Carlo; Rampon, Osvalda; Gattinara, Guido Castelli; Marco, G. De; Osimani, Patrizia; Manzionna, Mariano; Miniaci, Angela; Pintor, C.; Rosso, Raffaella; Esposito, Susanna; Viganò, Alessandra; Dodi, Icilio; Maccabruni, Anna; Fundarò, C.; Martino, Maurizio de

doi:10.1200/jco.2006.06.6506

Cited by 27 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…22 Our incidence rates are lower than estimates from previous studies done in HIV-positive children in Europe and the US, see Table 5 . 3, 4, 9 It is difficult to directly compare studies because of different study designs, settings and populations. The US AIDS cancer match study 2, 4 only included children diagnosed with AIDS, while the Italian HIV Registry 9, 23 and our study also included children with HIV that had not yet progressed to AIDS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5-8 Studies from Europe and the United States of America (USA) have shown that the incidence of cancer has declined as combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has become more widely available. 3, 4, 9 Cohort studies of HIV-positive children are rare in the African region, and no study has so far assessed the impact of ART on the risk of developing cancer. 10 Moreover, data collection is often restricted to AIDS-defining cancers, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of AIDS-defining and Other Cancers in HIV-positive Children in South Africa

Bohlius

Maxwell

Spoerri

et al. 2016

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background Little is known on the risk of cancer in HIV-positive children in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined incidence and risk factors of AIDS-defining and other cancers in pediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs in South Africa. Methods We linked the records of five ART programs in Johannesburg and Cape Town to those of pediatric oncology units, based on name and surname, date of birth, folder and civil identification numbers. We calculated incidence rates and obtained hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) from Cox regression models including ART, sex, age, and degree of immunodeficiency. Missing CD4 counts and CD4% were multiply imputed. Immunodeficiency was defined according to World Health Organization 2005 criteria. Results Data of 11,707 HIV-positive children were included in the analysis. During 29,348 person-years of follow-up 24 cancers were diagnosed, for an incidence rate of 82 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 55-122). The most frequent cancers were Kaposi Sarcoma (34 per 100,000 person-years) and Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (31 per 100,000 person-years). The incidence of non AIDS-defining malignancies was 17 per 100,000. The risk of developing cancer was lower on ART (HR 0.29, 95%CI 0.09–0.86), and increased with age at enrolment (>10 versus <3 years: HR 7.3, 95% CI 2.2-24.6) and immunodeficiency at enrolment (advanced/severe versus no/mild: HR 3.5, 95%CI 1.1-12.0). The HR for the effect of ART from complete case analysis was similar but ceased to be statistically significant (p=0.078). Conclusions Early HIV diagnosis and linkage to care, with start of ART before advanced immunodeficiency develops, may substantially reduce the burden of cancer in HIV-positive children in South Africa and elsewhere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of AIDS-defining and Other Cancers in HIV-positive Children in South Africa

Bohlius

Maxwell

Spoerri

et al. 2016

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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show abstract

“…4 In the advent of antiretroviral therapy, the incidence of AIDS-defining cancers in children has decreased dramatically 5 , but that of non-AIDS-defining cancers has continued to rise. Epidemiological data suggest that antiretroviral therapy may reduce the incidence of AIDS-defining cancers in children because of improved immunosurveillance induced by antiretroviral therapy.…”

Section: To the Editorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nationwide Study of Cancer in HIV-Infected Taiwanese Children in 1998–2009

Chen

Jen

Chen

2015

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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“…10 -13 However, the increase in life expectancy has led to a change in the risk of developing HIV-associated malignancies. 14 The aim of our study was to evaluate changes in the patterns of cancer rates in HIV-infected children on HAART for over a decade of follow-up during 3 different periods (early-period HAART: 1997HAART: -1999 …”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Trends of Cancer Diagnoses Among HIV-infected Children in Spain From 1997 to 2008

Álvaro-Meca

Micheloud²,

Jensen³

et al. 2011

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Cancer Rates After Year 2000 Significantly Decrease in Children With Perinatal HIV Infection: A Study by the Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children

Abstract: Dramatically reduced cancer rates were observed only in the late HAART period in parallel to the increasing proportion of children receiving HAART therapy.

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Incidence of AIDS-defining and Other Cancers in HIV-positive Children in South Africa

Incidence of AIDS-defining and Other Cancers in HIV-positive Children in South Africa

Nationwide Study of Cancer in HIV-Infected Taiwanese Children in 1998–2009

Epidemiologic Trends of Cancer Diagnoses Among HIV-infected Children in Spain From 1997 to 2008

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