Cancer Precursors

Rohan, Thomas E.; Henson, Donald E.; Franco, Eduardo L.; Albores‐Saavedra, Jorge

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195149616.003.0003

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 308 publications

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“…Benign breast disease (BBD) encompasses a spectrum of histologic changes, some of which are associated with increased risk of breast cancer (1, 2). Specifically, proliferative disease without atypia and atypical hyperplasia, are believed to represent steps in the progression from normal cellular architecture to invasive cancer (2, 3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, proliferative disease without atypia and atypical hyperplasia, are believed to represent steps in the progression from normal cellular architecture to invasive cancer (2, 3). Although risk factors for invasive breast cancer have been studied extensively amongst women in the general population, little is known about factors that are associated with risk of breast cancer among the subgroup of women with benign breast disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for breast cancer in women biopsied for benign breast disease: A nested case-control study

Kabat

Jones

Olson

et al. 2010

Cancer Epidemiology

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Aim Women with a history of benign breast disease are at increased risk of subsequent breast cancer. However, few studies have examined whether established breast cancer risk factors other than histology are associated with an altered risk of breast cancer in women with benign breast disease. We used a nested case-control design within a large, multi-center cohort of women biopsied for benign breast disease (BBD) to estimate odds ratios for breast cancer in association with exposure to a range of personal and lifestyle factors. Methods Cases were women biopsied for BBD who subsequently developed breast cancer; controls were individually matched to cases on center and age at diagnosis and were women biopsied for BBD who did not develop breast cancer in the same follow-up interval as that for the cases. After excluding women with prevalent breast cancer, 1357 records (661 case records and 696 records) were available for analysis. We used conditional logistic regression to obtain crude and multivariable-adjusted estimates of the association between specific factors and risk of breast cancer. Results In multivariable analyses age at first live birth, number of pregnancies, and postmenopausal status were inversely associated with risk of breast cancer. The odds ratio for women with age at first birth <25 years and >3 pregnancies, relative to nulliparous women, was 0.49, 95% confidence interval 0.13-0.79, and that for postmenopausal women relative to premenopausal women was 0.60, 95% 0.37-0.99. Conclusions Further study of personal factors influencing the risk of breast cancer in women with BBD may help to identify subgroups of the population at increased risk of invasive disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for breast cancer in women biopsied for benign breast disease: A nested case-control study

Kabat

Jones

Olson

et al. 2010

Cancer Epidemiology

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“…Long-term followup studies of patients with carcinoma in situ also find that even without treatment, not all patients develop invasive cancer. 4 Adding to this complexity, abnormal yet noninvasive epithelial cells in different organs are often given various names (such as carcinoma in situ, high-grade dysplasia, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia), and doctors still disagree about the best way to classify these conditions. The clinical consequences of this uncertainty are perhaps most evident and controversial in breast cancer.…”

Section: What Is "Carcinoma" and "Carcinoma In Situ"?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Multiple Primary Cancers in Lung Cancer Patients: Appalachian Versus Non-Appalachian Populations of Kentucky

Pravosud

Huang

Tucker

et al. 2017

Southern Medical Journal

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“…Given the long latency of breast cancer development [4], trials that evaluate the effects of chemopreventive agents with respect to breast cancer may require a long follow-up period to demonstrate associations if the agents act at an early stage in the carcinogenic process. However, this does not preclude observation of an effect on earlier stages in the natural history of breast cancer after shorter follow-up periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this does not preclude observation of an effect on earlier stages in the natural history of breast cancer after shorter follow-up periods. Therefore, we used the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) randomized, controlled trial of calcium plus vitamin D (CaD) supplementation to examine the effect of this intervention on risk of benign proliferative breast disease, a condition which is associated with increased risk of and may be on the pathway to invasive breast cancer [4–7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized controlled trial of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and risk of benign proliferative breast disease

Rohan

Negassa

Chlebowski

et al. 2008

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Experimental evidence provides strong support for anti-carcinogenic effects of calcium and vitamin D with respect to breast cancer. Observational epidemiologic data also provide some support for inverse associations with risk. We tested the effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on risk of benign proliferative breast disease, a condition which is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. We used the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. The 36,282 participants were randomized either to 500 mg of elemental calcium as calcium carbonate plus 200 IU of vitamin D3 (GlaxoSmithKline) twice daily (n = 18,176) or to placebo (n = 18,106). Regular mammograms and clinical breast exams were performed. We identified women who had had a biopsy for benign breast disease and subjected histologic sections from the biopsies to standardized review. After an average follow-up period of 6.8 years, 915 incident cases of benign proliferative breast disease had been ascertained, with 450 in the intervention group and 465 in the placebo group. Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation was not associated with altered risk of benign proliferative breast disease overall (hazard ratio = 0.99, 95% confidence interval = 0.86–1.13), or by histologic subtype. Risk varied significantly by levels of age at baseline, but not by levels of other variables. Daily use of 1,000 mg of elemental calcium as calcium carbonate plus 400 IU of vitamin D3 for almost 7 years by postmenopausal women did not alter the overall risk of benign proliferative breast disease.

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Cancer Precursors

Cited by 8 publications

References 308 publications

Risk factors for breast cancer in women biopsied for benign breast disease: A nested case-control study

Risk factors for breast cancer in women biopsied for benign breast disease: A nested case-control study

Development of Multiple Primary Cancers in Lung Cancer Patients: Appalachian Versus Non-Appalachian Populations of Kentucky

A randomized controlled trial of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and risk of benign proliferative breast disease

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