Cancer, Natural Products and Nanodrug Delivery Systems

Ong, Yong Sze; Tan, Loh Teng‐Hern

doi:10.36877/pmmb.a0000089

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Natural products offer a great resource with undeniably diverse chemotypes and pharmacological activities [ 151 , 152 , 153 ]. Epidemiological and experimental studies indicate an association between dietary components, gut microbiota and colorectal cancers, thereby the natural products present in our diet are able to confer protection against colorectal cancer via the modulation of gut microbiota [ 154 , 155 , 156 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Gut Microbial Biofilms—A Key to Hinder Colon Carcinogenesis?

Chew

Tan

Law

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health issue which poses a substantial humanistic and economic burden on patients, healthcare systems and society. In recent years, intestinal dysbiosis has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of CRC, with specific pathogens exhibiting oncogenic potentials such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis having been found to contribute to CRC development. More recently, it has been shown that initiation of CRC development by these microorganisms requires the formation of biofilms. Gut microbial biofilm forms in the inner colonic mucus layer and is composed of polymicrobial communities. Biofilm results in the redistribution of colonic epithelial cell E-cadherin, increases permeability of the gut and causes a loss of function of the intestinal barrier, all of which enhance intestinal dysbiosis. This literature review aims to compile the various strategies that target these pathogenic biofilms and could potentially play a role in the prevention of CRC. We explore the potential use of natural products, silver nanoparticles, upconverting nanoparticles, thiosalicylate complexes, anti-rheumatic agent (Auranofin), probiotics and quorum-sensing inhibitors as strategies to hinder colon carcinogenesis via targeting colon-associated biofilms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Gut Microbial Biofilms—A Key to Hinder Colon Carcinogenesis?

Chew

Tan

Law

et al. 2020

Cancers

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“…Bacterial exopolysaccharides have numerous potential applications in medicine, agriculture, and environmental remediation. In medicine, bacterial EPS have been investigated for their immunomodulatory, antibacterial, and antiviral properties, as well as for their potential use as drug delivery systems and wound healing agents [280,281] . In agriculture, bacterial EPS have been explored as biofertilizers and soil conditioners [282] .…”

Section: Eps Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: From Production to Functional Features

Talbi,

Elmarrakchy,

Youssfi

et al. 2023

Prog Micobes Mol Biol

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Exopolysaccharides, known as bacterial EPS, are complex sugar polymers that bacteria secrete into their environment. EPSs play a crucial role in bacterial survival and proliferation by protecting cells from environmental threats. They also contribute to proper adhesion to numerous surfaces through biofilm production. Bacterial EPS display a wide range of biological activities conferred by their outstanding physical and chemical properties, which make them great candidates for medical and industrial applications. The main biological activities recorded up-to-day include antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, immune-modulatory and chelating properties. They also can be used as thickening agents in the industry or as additives to improve soil quality in agriculture. The current review offers a thorough overview of bacterial EPS, their biosynthesis processes and regulation, and biotechnological strategies to increase their production. The review also unravels the main extraction, purification, and identification techniques and highlights the key functional features of these complex molecules.

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“…In fact, walnuts (Juglans regia) are a great source of unsaturated fatty acids [23][24][25] , fiber, minerals (potassium, calcium, and magnesium) [26,27] , amino acids and proteins [28,29] , phenolic compounds and saponins [30][31][32] , as well as a variety of other compounds that make J. regia has a vast diversity of medicinal properties [33] . In addition, the phytochemicals present in plants like J. regia have been shown to have therapeutic effects, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial properties [34] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of Walnut: Investigating the Triterpenoid Saponin Extracts of Juglans regia Kernels for Antioxidant, Anti-diabetic, and Antimicrobial Properties

Elouafy¹,

Mortada²,

Yadini³

et al. 2023

Prog Micobes Mol Biol

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The increasing demand for plant-based medicines makes plant research attractive to find natural alternatives that can replace synthetic products or at least reduce their use. Saponins are a group of natural phytochemical compounds in most herbs, vegetables, and legumes. There are two different types of saponin compounds, which can be classified based on the nature of the aglycone bound to the oligosaccharide fragments, whether it is a steroid or triterpenoid. This paper is devoted to saponins with triterpenoid aglycone and aims to study the relationship between their content and several biological activities in different Juglans regia kernel extracts, including antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibacterial activities. Antioxidant activity was assessed against two free radicals: DPPH and ABTS. Oleanolic acid was used as a standard to quantify triterpenoid saponins, measured by the vanillin method, whereas Acarbose and Tetracycline were used as positive controls to evaluate the α-glucosidase inhibitory and antimicrobial activities, respectively, of walnut kernel extracts. Findings show that hydroalcoholic extract (EtOH 70%) has a considerable content of phenolic compounds, with 59.51 ± 0.26 mg GAE/g in total polyphenol contents, while the content of total flavonoids and condensed tannins were 3.14 ± 0.27 mg QE/g and 85.65 ± 0.37 mg CE/g of crude extract, respectively. In terms of antioxidant activity, the butanolic extract proved to be the most effective against DPPH with IC50 = 7.74 ± 1.49 µg/mL, while the precipitated extract showed the highest scavenging activity against the ABTS free radical with IC50 = 33.14 ± 2.96 µg/mL. In addition, butanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts of Juglans regia kernels showed an α-glucosidase inhibitory activity even more efficiently than synthetic drugs such as Acarbose, with IC50 values of 11.66 µg/mL and 16.17 µg/mL, respectively, versus 18.01 µg/mL in Acarbose. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia strains revealed that some extracts could inhibit these bacteria. This study successfully assessed the bioactivities of the extracts, suggesting that the extracts of medicinal plants can demonstrate stronger bioactivity than pure synthetic compounds.

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Cancer, Natural Products and Nanodrug Delivery Systems

Cited by 16 publications

References 99 publications

Targeting Gut Microbial Biofilms—A Key to Hinder Colon Carcinogenesis?

Targeting Gut Microbial Biofilms—A Key to Hinder Colon Carcinogenesis?

Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: From Production to Functional Features

Bioactivity of Walnut: Investigating the Triterpenoid Saponin Extracts of Juglans regia Kernels for Antioxidant, Anti-diabetic, and Antimicrobial Properties

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