Cancer morbidity in workers at aluminum foundries and secondary aluminum smelters

Seldén, Anders I.; Westberg, Håkan; Axelson, Olav

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199711)32:5<467::aid-ajim6>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The original study of this cohort found a similar dose-response relationship but non-significant, likely due to the smaller number of cases (37) [1]. This current result was consistent with the findings from cohort studies of aluminum workers in Quebec, Canada [8,9,15] and in Sweden [26]. These studies have observed significantly increased lung cancer mortality risks with evidence of dose-response relationships.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Cancer risk in aluminum reduction plant workers (Canada)

Spinelli

Demers

et al. 2006

Cancer Causes Control

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A 14-year update to a previously published historical cohort study of aluminum reduction plant workers was conducted [1]. All men with three or more years at an aluminum reduction plant in British Columbia (BC), Canada between the years 1954 and 1997 were included; a total of 6,423 workers. A total of 662 men were diagnosed with cancer, representing a 400% increase from the original study. Standardized mortality and incidence ratios were used to compare the cancer mortality and incidence of the cohort to that of the BC population. Poisson regression was used to examine risk by cumulative exposure to coal tar pitch volatiles (CTPV) measured as benzene soluble materials (BSM) and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). The risk for bladder cancer was related to cumulative exposure to CTPV measured as BSM and BaP (p trends <0.001), and the risk for stomach cancer was related to exposure measured by BaP (p trend BaP <0.05). The risks for lung cancer (p trend <0.001), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (p trend <0.001), and kidney cancer (p trend <0.01) also increased with increasing exposure, although the overall rates were similar to that of the general population. Analysis of the joint effect of smoking and CTPV exposure on cancer showed the observed dose-response relationships to be independent of smoking.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Cancer risk in aluminum reduction plant workers (Canada)

Spinelli

Demers

et al. 2006

Cancer Causes Control

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“…42 An incidence study in Sweden found no dose-response trend or increased bladder cancer risks among aluminium foundry workers. 12 The results for mixed foundry workers 10 42 are combined in table 2. The SRE is significantly raised after 20 or more years of employment in this industry.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of bladder cancer in foundry workers: a meta-analysis

Gaertner

Thériault

2002

Occup Environ Med

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To clarify the inconsistent reports of bladder cancer risk in foundry workers, a meta-analytic review of epidemiological studies was undertaken. Summary risk estimates (SRE) were calculated from 40 systematically extracted results. Weakly increased risks were observed overall, with an SRE of 1.11. Twenty three selected study results with better exposure information yielded an SRE of 1.16. This weak increase in risk is consistent with estimates obtained from dose-response trends of PAH exposures in aluminium smelter workers. Summary estimates did not vary substantially with exposure quality, study design, control for smoking, or when limiting the meta-analysis to large study results. Exposure-response findings showed significantly increased risks of about 1.6 to 1.7 after 20 or more years of employment, but this was based on few studies. Occupation specific SREs showed a 40–50% increased risk among moulders, casters, and unskilled foundry labourers. There was limited evidence that bladder cancer risk correlated with lung cancer risk, which is a more established risk among foundry workers. The small increased risk observed is prone to bias and confounding. Further studies of dose-response trends would greatly aid in determining whether this observed association is causal.

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“…13 In a study of aluminum foundries and secondary aluminum smelters, a statistically significant excess of "anorectal" cancers was reported, but the authors in that case could not etiologically link the excess to occupational determinants of risk. 23 …”

Section: Cancers Significantly In Excess By Mortality and Elevated Bymentioning

confidence: 99%