Cancer Incidence Rates and Trends Among Children and Adolescents in the United States, 2001–2009

Abstract

OBJECTIVES Cancer continues to be the leading disease-related cause of death among children and adolescents in the United States. More current information is needed to describe recent cancer trends and identify demographic and geographic variations. METHODS We analyzed data from the National Program of Cancer Registries and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results statewide registries representing 94.2% of the US population to identify cancers diagnosed among persons aged 0 to 19 years during 2001–2009. Age-adjusted rates and annual percentage change for trends were calculated. Data were stratified by age, gender, race, ethnicity, and geography. RESULTS We identified 120 137 childhood and adolescent cancer cases during 2001–2009 with an age-adjusted incidence rate of 171.01 per million. The overall rate of all cancers combined remained stable over time (annual percent change [APC], 0.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.1 to 0.7). There was an increase in the overall cancer trend among African American children and adolescents (APC, 1.3%; 95% CI, 0.2 to 2.5). An increasing trend for thyroid cancer was observed among both genders (APC, 4.9%; 95% CI, 3.2 to 6.6) and specifically among adolescents and those in the Northeast, South, and West regions of the United States. Renal carcinoma incidence was increasing significantly overall (APC, 5.4%; 95% CI, 2.8 to 8.1). Extracranial and extragonadal germ cell tumors and melanoma were both significantly decreasing. CONCLUSIONS This study reports the novel finding that renal carcinoma rates are increasing among children and adolescents. This study confirms that thyroid cancer rates are increasing and further describes rising cancer rates among African Americans.

Mutational dynamics of early and late relapsed childhood ALL: rapid clonal expansion and long-term dormancy

“…1 Despite improved treatment strategies, ;20% of patients are either refractory or ultimately relapse, making cALL the second cause of cancer-related mortality among children and adolescents. [2][3][4][5] Tumor plasticity, based on the random accumulation of somatic mutations combined with external pressures, such as chemotherapy, is a breeding ground for clonal competition and evolutionary adaptation leading to treatment resistance. 6,7 Over the past few years, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has provided meaningful information toward the characterization of these evolutionary processes and the identification of somatic events providing selective advantages.…”

Incidence du cancer chez les enfants au Canada : variations démographiques et géographiques des tendances (1992‑2010)

“…Ainsi, la forte baisse des cas de neuroblastome observée au Québec entre 1992 et 1997 correspond à la fin d'un vaste essai de dépistage en 1994 qui a donné lieu à la détection de nombreux cas de neuroblastomes qui, autrement, n'auraient jamais été cliniquement détectés 45 . D'autres études ont confirmé l'augmentation rapide du cancer de la thyroïde chez les enfants 17,46 . Selon Siegel et ses collaborateurs, les taux d'incidence du cancer de la thyroïde ont augmenté de 4,9 % par année (IC = 3,2 à 6,6) chez les enfants et les adolescents ( .…”

Rising Thyroid Cancer Incidence Proximate to a New York City-Area Nuclear Power Plant

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