Cancer in Chiang Mai, North Thailand. A Relative Frequency Study

Menakanit, Wit; Muir, Calum S.; Jain, Deshraj

doi:10.1038/bjc.1971.29

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Early reports of familial aggregation were from Hong Kong where the frequency of nasopharyngeal cancer in close blood relatives of patients was found to be 10 times that of patients with other cancers 2,22 . This has been confirmed by other studies, which also show that the number of mothers with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is twice as high as expected, thus suggesting a possible maternal link 2,22–26 …”

Section: Biological Factorssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In the high‐risk populations, this difference was very significant: e.g. amongst the Chinese in Singapore 23 the sex ratio was M: F, 2.3 : 1; and in Hong Kong 2 the sex ratio was M: F, 2.5 : 1.…”

Section: Epidemiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence rate for Thais in Thailand was shown to be 3/100 000 whereas Chinese in Thailand had a rate of 10/100 000. This raises the question of the possibility of either a genetic factor due to interbreeding, or an environmental factor such as Chinese food and customs being involved in the aetiology 22,23 . The disease is also prevalent in North‐East India with an incidence rate of 2.1–6.2/100 000 population 24 Table 1.…”

Section: Epidemiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The aetiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

McDermott¹,

Dutt²,

Watkinson³

2001

Clin Otolaryngol

208

160

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Section: Biological Factorssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Epidemiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The aetiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

McDermott¹,

Dutt²,

Watkinson³

2001

Clin Otolaryngol

208

160

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“…MENAKANIT, Muir and Jain (1971) demonstrated a very high relative frequency (18 4%/ ) of cancer's of the laryngopharyngeal region among male cancer cases in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand. This contrasts with a figure of 3 700 in Bangkok, Central Thailand (Piyaratn, 1959).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx/larynx and lung in North Thailand: case-control study and analysis of cigar smoke

Simarak¹,

Jong²,

Breslow³

et al. 1977

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-The unusually high relative frequency of cancer in the laryngeal region in males (18% of all histologically diagnosed cancers) and a sex ratio of unity for lung cancer in Northern Thailand were further explored in a hospital-based case-control study in Chiang Mai. This compared patients having cancers of the oral cavity (including oropharynx), larynx, hypopharynx and lung, with controls in relation to smoking and chewing habits. Statistical analysis indicated that chewing betel is strongly associated with the occurrence of oral cancer in both sexes, and with cancer of the laryngeal region in males. No factors were strongly linked to lung cancer in men, but, in women, urban residence and miang cheving were associated with lung cancer. Analysis of smoke from the two main types of cigars smoked in the region showed that both had high tar content, but there were marked differences in pH. Smoking cigars with alkaline smoke and high tar had an increased risk for laryngeal cancer in males, whereas other cigars with acid smoke and high tar together with manufactured cigarettes had increased risks for lung cancer. These increased risks were not, however, statistically significant.MENAKANIT, Muir and Jain (1971) demonstrated a very high relative frequency (18 4%/ ) of cancer's of the laryngopharyngeal region among male cancer cases in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand. This contrasts with a figure of 3 700 in Bangkok, Central Thailand (Piyaratn, 1959). Although lung cancer has a low relative frequency (< 5%o) in both Chiang Mai and Bangkok, there were far more female cases in Chiang Mai (4-2o% Vs 0 7 o). This is reflected in the male: female ratio of 1-0 in Chiang Mai and 5 0 in Bangkok.The aims of our case-control study were to search for associations between personal habits and cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and lung. Attention was focused particularly on smoking, chewing and drinking habits, many of which are different from those in Western populations, especially in older adults. In the laboratory, cigars* from Chiang Mai were compared with Australian-manufactured cigarettes. SmoklingTwo major groups of hand-rolled cigars are smoked in Northern Thailand around Chiang Mai. A third imported type is not commonlv smoked by the local population.(a) Khii yoo are cigars 14-22 cm in length and 3-8 g in weight, the size and weight varying with the place of purchase. The tobacco is mixed with additives before being wrapped in * A cigar is (lefine(d as tobacco wrappe( in a (lrie(1 leaf or similar material, in contrast to a cigarette, (lefine(l as a paper-wrappe(l roll of finely ciut tobacco.

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“…The incidence of prostate cancer is increasing. A report from the Chiang Mai Cancer Registry, Chiang Mai University Hospital in 1971, shows that penile cancer is more common than prostate cancer (38). But now, the incidence of prostate cancer is the fourth most common cancer in male.…”

Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Urologic cancer in Thailand

Lojanapiwat

2015

Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol.

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Cancer is a major health burden among non-communicable diseases, which has had a high impact on the healthcare system in Thailand. Based on GLOBOCAN, the prevalence of urologic cancer is increasing in Thailand. Prostate, bladder and kidney cancers are 6th, 15th and 22nd most common cancers, respectively, in both males and females. Prostate cancer is the fourth most common cancer in male. Cancer in the lower socioeconomic groups is a challenging problem due to greater exposure to the risk factors and more limited access to the healthcare service. The cancers are usually detected in advanced stages of the cancer. The most common histopathological finding of kidney cancer is a renal cell carcinoma. Transitional cell carcinoma is the most common histopathology of bladder. There is a trend of stage migration to earlier stages at first presentation, probably due to public awareness and laboratory screening. Patients with early stage are treated with minimally invasive modalities such as endoscopic, laparoscopic or robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is the mainstay treatment of localized prostate cancer with the better outcome and less complication. Androgen deprivation therapy is usually for elderly or unfit patients. The strategy for early detection of early cancer is the important role of Thai urologists to manage these three common urologic cancers.

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Cancer in Chiang Mai, North Thailand. A Relative Frequency Study

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

The aetiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

The aetiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx/larynx and lung in North Thailand: case-control study and analysis of cigar smoke

Urologic cancer in Thailand

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