Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy

Sukari, Ammar; Nagasaka, Misako; Al-Hadidi, Ameer; Lum, Lawrence G.

doi:10.21873/anticanres.11144

Cited by 76 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Inhibition of T cell checkpoints such as CTLA‐4 and PD‐L1 is one of the most promising cancer immunotherapy. It has been approved to be used in melanoma and non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . But its efficacy in different patients varies markedly and hard to be predicted yet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive transcriptome profiling in elderly cancer patients reveals aging‐altered immune cells and immune checkpoints

Wei

Chen

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Aging is the single most significant risk factor for cancer development. However, the potential impact of aging on cancer microenvironment remains poorly understood. Here, we performed a pan-cancer transcriptome analysis to identify aging-specific molecular patterns across 18 cancer types. Strikingly, aging-specific molecular features define human cancers into two types, including the strong and weak aging-effect groups. Significant aging associated molecular signature was observed in 16 cancer types (strong aging-effect group) such as breast invasive carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia. In such 16 cancer types, old patients showed obvious poor survival compared to young patients, but this observation was not found in the weak aging-effect cancers. Aging-associated cancer-relevant molecules significantly enriched in 23 pathways including EMT and KRAS signaling. More interestingly, in cancer microenvironment, aging significantly restrains adaptive immunity, but strikingly, increases the number of infiltrated innate immune cells. Further analysis shows that the expression of immune checkpoints including PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and CTLA-4 are mostly correlated with age. In general, cancer cells in elderly patients show a more aggressive phenotype and their surrounding microenvironment is under a more immune suppression status compared with young patients. Our study provides a systematic understanding of aging-associated molecular features in pan-cancer and indicates a clinical requirement to develop aging-specific therapeutic strategies in a majority of cancer types. Furthermore, aging-altered immune cells and immune checkpoints should be considered in cancer immunotherapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been approved to be used in melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). 20,21 But its efficacy in different patients varies markedly and hard to be predicted yet. Thus, we asked whether aging affects the expression of immune checkpoints.…”

Section: Aging Reshapes the Immune Microenvironment And Alters The Immentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive transcriptome profiling in elderly cancer patients reveals aging‐altered immune cells and immune checkpoints

Wei

Chen

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…In addition to clearance of debris and foreign particles, the MPS also regulates the adaptive immune response through the antigen-presentation functions of dendritic cells and can stimulate or inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine responses (16). Hence, it is in theory possible for nanoparticle interactions with the innate immune system to impact adaptive immunity.…”

Section: Clinical Evidence Of Nanoparticle–immune Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle Interactions with the Immune System: Clinical Implications for Liposome-Based Cancer Chemotherapy

La‐Beck

Gabizón

2017

Front. Immunol.

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The development of stable and long-circulating liposomes provides protection of the drug cargo from degradation and increases tumor drug delivery, leading to the design of liposome formulations with great potential in cancer therapy. However, despite the sound pharmacologic basis, many liposomal as well as other nanoparticle-based drug formulations have failed to meet regulatory criteria for approval. The question that arises is whether we have missed key liposome–host interactions that can account for the gap between the major pharmacologic advantages in preclinical studies and the modest impact of the clinical effects in humans. We will discuss here the nanoparticle–immune system interactions that may undermine the antitumor effect of the nanodrug formulations and contribute to this gap. To overcome this challenge and increase clinical translation, new preclinical models need to be adopted along with comprehensive immunopharmacologic studies and strategies for patient selection in the clinical phase.

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“…PDL1 and PDL2 ligands of PD1 are expressed on the surface of many tumor cells, which combine with PD1 to inhibit the immune effects of T‐cells on tumor cells, allowing tumor cells to escape immune system clearance. The effect of blocking PD1 and its ligand could restore T‐cell‐mediated immunity in tumor cells . After the targeted deletion of the PD1 gene in T‐cells by CRISPR/Cas9, the killing effect of T‐cells on tumor cell lines can be restored.…”

Section: Using Crispr/cas9 In the Study Of Tumor Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technique in the study of cancer treatment

et al. 2019

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In recent years, gene editing, especially that using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9, has made great progress in the field of gene function. Rapid development of gene editing techniques has contributed to their significance in the field of medicine. Because the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool is not only powerful but also has features such as strong specificity and high efficiency, itcan accurately and rapidly screen the whole genome, facilitating the administration of gene therapy for specific diseases. In the field of tumor research, CRISPR/Cas9 can be used to edit genomes to explore the mechanisms of tumor occurrence, development, and metastasis. In these years, this system has been increasingly applied in tumor treatment research. CRISPR/Cas9 can be used to treat tumors by repairing mutations or knocking out specific genes. To date, numerous preliminary studies have been conducted on tumor treatment in related fields. CRISPR/Cas9 holds great promise for gene-level tumor treatment. Personalized and targeted therapy based on CRISPR/Cas9 will possibly shape the development of tumor therapy in the future. In this study, we review the findings of CRISPR/Cas9 for tumor treatment research to provide references for related future studies on the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of tumors.

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Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy

Cited by 76 publications

References 45 publications

Comprehensive transcriptome profiling in elderly cancer patients reveals aging‐altered immune cells and immune checkpoints

Comprehensive transcriptome profiling in elderly cancer patients reveals aging‐altered immune cells and immune checkpoints

Nanoparticle Interactions with the Immune System: Clinical Implications for Liposome-Based Cancer Chemotherapy

Application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technique in the study of cancer treatment

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