Cancer growth and metastasis as a metaphor of Go gaming: An Ising model approach

Barradas-Bautista, Didier; Alvarado, Matı́as; Agostino, Mark; Cocho, G.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0195654

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Nonetheless, this is sufficient for the purposes of understanding how the internal dynamics of a tissue population induce cancer niches. Moreover, our work provides a first step in going beyond a (factorised) mean-field approach to evaluating cancer proliferation and growth [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. A second limitation arises from the deterministic formulation of the transition dynamics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a computational understanding of cancer niche construction, a 2D Ising model has been used to evaluate phase transitions between cancerous and healthy cells [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. For example, [ 10 ] used the Ising Hamiltonian to model metastasis, where the updates in the energy function were modelled using mean-field approximations, i.e., only considering average interactions. This factorised approach is consistent with other applications of the Ising model for simulating cancer progression [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]; however, cell niches are the result of numerous mechanisms, both at the cellular and population level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cancer Niches and Their Kikuchi Free Energy

Sajid

Convertino

Friston

2021

Entropy

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Biological forms depend on a progressive specialization of pluripotent stem cells. The differentiation of these cells in their spatial and functional environment defines the organism itself; however, cellular mutations may disrupt the mutual balance between a cell and its niche, where cell proliferation and specialization are released from their autopoietic homeostasis. This induces the construction of cancer niches and maintains their survival. In this paper, we characterise cancer niche construction as a direct consequence of interactions between clusters of cancer and healthy cells. Explicitly, we evaluate these higher-order interactions between niches of cancer and healthy cells using Kikuchi approximations to the free energy. Kikuchi’s free energy is measured in terms of changes to the sum of energies of baseline clusters of cells (or nodes) minus the energies of overcounted cluster intersections (and interactions of interactions, etc.). We posit that these changes in energy node clusters correspond to a long-term reduction in the complexity of the system conducive to cancer niche survival. We validate this formulation through numerical simulations of apoptosis, local cancer growth, and metastasis, and highlight its implications for a computational understanding of the etiopathology of cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Niches and Their Kikuchi Free Energy

Sajid

Convertino

Friston

2021

Entropy

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“…On the other hand, one study revealed possible hazardous effects associated with the playing of “Go” in individuals with seizure disorders [23]. The amounts of real and virtual playing of board games have increased recently and, as a result, the number of published studies assessing the effects of board game use has also increased [12, 13, 17, 19]. The increase in game play is likely due to the prevalence of computer systems in the current age of information and communication technology (ICT) and artificial intelligence (AI).…”

Section: Mind/body Changes Due To Board Game Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Special series on “effects of board games on health education and promotion” board games as a promising tool for health promotion: a review of recent literature

Nakao

2019

BioPsychoSocial Med

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Board games are played by moving game pieces in particular ways on special boards marked with patterns. To clarify the possible roles of board game use in psychosomatic medicine, the present review evaluated studies that investigated the effects of this activity on health education and treatment. A literature search conducted between January 2012 and August 2018 identified 83 relevant articles; 56 (67%) targeted education or training for health-related problems, six (7%) examined basic brain mechanisms, five (6%) evaluated preventative measures for dementia or contributions to healthy aging, and three (4%) assessed social communication or public health policies. The results of several randomized controlled trials indicated that the playing of traditional board games (e.g., chess, Go, and Shogi) helps to improve cognitive impairment and depression, and that the playing of newly developed board games is beneficial for behavioral modifications, such as the promotion of healthy eating, smoking cessation, and safe sex. Although the number of studies that have evaluated board game use in terms of mental health remains limited, many studies have provided interesting findings regarding brain function, cognitive effects, and the modification of health-related lifestyle factors.

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“…The tumor-immune system interaction in the TME can be formalized as a biological system [24]. Computational models of such a system are of great importance, since the analysis made possible by simulations can improve our comprehension of the process behind the disease [22,31,32].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the ABM approach, simple agents represent the elements of cancer and of the IS [41]; the interaction between these results in a complex emergent behavior which is not restricted to the linear combination of the individual elements [42,43]; hence ABMs can incorporate the changes that bring about non-deterministic interactive processes [22,26,37].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Cancer Immunoediting in Tumor Microenvironment with System Characterization through the Ising-model Hamiltonian

Rojas-Domínguez¹,

Arroyo-Duarte²,

Rincón-Vieyra³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background and Objective: Cancer Immunoediting (CI) describes the cellular-level interaction between tumor cells and the Immune System (IS) that takes place in the Tumor Micro-Environment (TME). CI is a highly dynamic and complex process comprising three distinct phases (Elimination, Equilibrium and Escape) wherein the IS can both protect against cancer development as well as, over time, promote the appearance of tumors with reduced immunogenicity. We present an agent-based model for the biological system in the TME, intended to simulate CI. Methods: Our model includes agents for tumor cells and for elements of the IS. The actions of these agents are governed by probabilistic rules, and agent recruitment (including cancer growth) is modeled via logistic functions. The system is formalized as an analogue of the Ising model from statistical mechanics to facilitate its analysis. The model was implemented in the Netlogo modeling environment and simulations were performed to verify, illustrate and characterize its operation. Results: Our model is capable of generating the three phases of CI; it requires only a couple of control parameters and is robust to these. We demonstrate how our simulated system can be characterized through the Ising-model energy function, or Hamiltonian, which captures the “energy” involved in the interaction between agents and presents it in clear and distinct patterns for the different phases of CI. Conclusions: The presented model is very flexible and robust, captures well the behaviors of the target system and can be easily extended to incorporate more variables such as those pertaining to different anti-cancer therapies. System characterization via the Ising-model Hamiltonian is a novel and powerful tool for a better understanding of CI and the development of more effective treatments.

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Cancer growth and metastasis as a metaphor of Go gaming: An Ising model approach

Cited by 12 publications

References 63 publications

Cancer Niches and Their Kikuchi Free Energy

Cancer Niches and Their Kikuchi Free Energy

Special series on “effects of board games on health education and promotion” board games as a promising tool for health promotion: a review of recent literature

Modeling Cancer Immunoediting in Tumor Microenvironment with System Characterization through the Ising-model Hamiltonian

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