Cancer field effects in normal tissues revealed by Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

It has been demonstrated that the presence of cancer results in detectable changes to uninvolved tissues, collectively termed cancer field effects (CFE). In this study, we directly assessed the ability of Raman microspectroscopy to detect CFE via in-vitro study of organotypic tissue rafts approximating human skin. Raman spectra were measured from both epidermis and dermis after transfer of the rafts to dishes containing adherent cultures of either normal human fibroblasts or fibrosarcoma (HT1080) cells. Principal components analyses allowed discrimination between the groups with 86% classification accuracy in the epidermis and 94% in the dermis. These results encourage further study to evaluate the Raman capacity for detecting CFE as a possible tool for noninvasive screening for tumor presence.

In vivo Confocal Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of the Effects of Infrared Radiation in the Human Skin Dermis

“…, it was observed that the intensity of these collagen bands shows a decrease in intensity for T60 compared to T0 in group II and no significant changes in the group I subjects. Various vibrational modes observed in the skin tissue at 1002 cm −1 (symmetric ring breathing modes of phenylalanine), 1031 cm −1 (CH 2 , CH 3 bending modes of collagen and phospholipids), 1083 cm −1 (C‐N stretching mode of proteins/lipid mode to a lesser degree), 1092 cm −1 (DNA backbone), 1126 cm −1 (transconformation of acyl backbone in lipids) and 1176, 1206 cm −1 corresponds to lipids observed in both the groups show no significant variation. The Raman peak observed at 1156 cm −1 due to the C‐C single bond stretching vibration and from C=C stretching vibration of the molecule's backbone of carotenoids shows no significant change before and after irradiation .…”

“…Figure a,b shows the averaged in vivo Raman spectra of the skin derma of group I and group II, respectively, in the 800–1800 cm −1 region. Raman spectra of skin dermis shows the presence of collagen features at 815 cm −1 (C‐C stretching), an intense Raman band was observed at 875 cm −1 assigned to hydroxyprolin ring, two Raman bands at 856 and 920 cm −1 assigned to proline ring and another band at 938 cm −1 assigned to C–C stretch vibration of backbone formed by Gly‐X‐Y sequences . From Fig.…”

Multiwavelength Fluorescence Otoscope for Video-Rate Chemical Imaging of Middle Ear Pathology

“…Second, it has been hypothesized that biochemical modifications in the margins are precursors of lesion development and growth. 30 Put differently, the morphologically benign-appearing tissue at the margins of proliferative lesions is reported to be biochemically distinct from uninvolved tissue. Identifying molecular targets from this spatial region, then, can establish new opportunities in detection at an early stage and of relapse.…”

Modern Trends in Imaging VI: Raman Scattering in Pathology

“…The cancer field effect has been compellingly explored optically by Backman et al [70] through the use of elastic light scattering. However, two studies have pointed to the potential of Raman spectroscopy to detect the changes in tissue chemistry of normal tissue due to the presence of cancerous cells in the vicinity [65,71]. Most compellingly, Lieber et al have recently demonstrated that spectral differences can be found between normal organotypic raft cultures that have been cultured either in the presence or absence of cancer cells.…”