Cáncer de colon en Colombia, fenotipo molecular: tamizaje para síndromes con agregación familiar

Bohórquez, Mábel; Criollo, Ángel; Carmona, L.; Polanco, María Magdalena Echeverry de

doi:10.47499/revistaaccb.v1i31.185

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“…With regard to the frequency of mutations in MMR genes, MSI-H status was the most frequently observed at 4%, which is considerably lower compared to 38.6% in Peruvian study of 90 patients 17 and 23% in a Colombian study of examined 575 cases. 21 When determining the predilection of the primary tumor location with the molecular markers KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and MSI, we found no association at any segment (ascending, transverse, descending colon, sigma, or rectum). There were also no significant differences when comparing the localization between the right and left sides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Colorectal Cancer Screening in Araba (Basque Country)

Iturralde-Iriso,

Orcajo-Bermúdez,

Guinea-Castañares

et al. 2023

Cancer Screen Prev

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Background and objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in incidence and second in mortality worldwide. In Ecuador, there are 2,481 new CRC cases per year and 2,366 cancer deaths yearly. CRC presents in stages III-IV in more than 50% of patients. The standard treatment for CRC is chemotherapy, with an overall survival (OS) of 29-31 months. The status of biomarkers KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and MSI provides prognostic and predictive value. This study aimed to determine OS and progression-free survival (PFS) for metastatic CRC based on these molecular markers with a minimum follow-up of one year. Methods:This was an observational longitudinal analytical study at the Hospital de Especialidades Eugenio Espejo (HEEE). We obtained demographic, anatomopathological-molecular, and clinical data from the medical records of patients with metastatic CRC from July 1, 2018 until December 31, 2020.Results: Data were collected from a total of 177 patients. The median follow-up was 21.6 months. The median PFS was 15 months (11.6-18.3) in those with mutated (MT) markers, 18 months (15.7-20.2) for wild type (WT), and 9 months (4.1-13.8) for not performed markers (NR), with a hazard ratio (HR) for PFS in MT versus WT of 0.76; the 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.4-1.4) with p = 0.4. for OS was 21 months (17.1-24.8) for MT markers,[22][23][24][25][26]2) for WT markers, and 19 months (17.7-20.2) for NR. There were no significant differences in OS for MT vs. WT: HR = 1.38, 95% CI (0.8-2.3) p = 0.6. There was no significant association between OS or PSF and KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and MSI mutations. KRAS was the most mutated marker, with a frequency of 40.2%. Conclusions:In the first monocentric study of mutations in metastatic CRC patients from Ecuador, patients with WT molecular markers reached the most prolonged OS and PFS, and KRAS had the highest mutation frequency. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are required to corroborate our findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%