Cancer and aging: Epidemiology and methodological challenges

Pedersen, Jacob Krabbe; Engholm, Gerda; Skytthe, Axel; Christensen, Kaare

doi:10.3109/0284186x.2015.1114670

Cited by 51 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The analyses were stratified according to sex. The 95% CI for the SMR was calculated using the method described by Kahn and Sempos . Absolute excess risk (AER) was also calculated as the difference between the expected and the observed death rate per 10 000 person‐years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of death among cancer patients in the era of cancer survivorship in Korea: Attention to the suicide and cardiovascular mortality

Lee

Kong

et al. 2020

Cancer Medicine

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Background Improved cancer survival is expected to increase noncancer deaths; however, detailed causes of death have rarely been discussed. Changing landscapes in mortality patterns and noncancer mortality risks in patients with cancer require evaluation. Methods We identified cancer and noncancer‐related causes of death using data from the 2000‐2016 national cancer registry in Korea (n = 2 707 520), and we characterized the leading causes of death and proportionate mortalities over time. Risks of noncancer deaths relative to the general population were estimated using standardized mortality ratios (SMRs). Results Of 1 105 607 identified deaths, 87% were due to the primary cancer. Proportionate mortalities of primary cancer among overall deaths remained high in patients with liver (86%) and lung (70%) cancers and in female patients with breast cancer (77%), even 5 to 10 years following diagnosis, whereas proportionate mortalities reduced to ≤50% in patients with stomach (men, 39%; women, 48%), prostate (47%), and female thyroid (27%) cancers. Despite the predominance of index cancer deaths, the proportion of noncancer deaths among all deaths increased over time. There was a 20‐fold increase in cardiovascular disease deaths among patients with cancer from 2000 to 2016, and the risk of suicide among patients with cancer was higher than that among the general population (SMR: 1.68 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.63‐1.74] in men, SMR: 1.42 [95% CI: 1.33‐1.55] in women). Conclusions Deaths from primary cancer remain a major concern; however, follow‐up is required for both cancer and noncancer‐related health issues in cancer survivors, especially concerning suicide and cardiovascular deaths.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of death among cancer patients in the era of cancer survivorship in Korea: Attention to the suicide and cardiovascular mortality

Lee

Kong

et al. 2020

Cancer Medicine

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“…2) The decline in cancer incidence at advanced age is due to lower diagnostic activity [17]. Older adults may be less interested in being diagnosed despite a suspicion of cancer, and less willing to go through intensive diagnostic procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Declining cancer incidence at the oldest ages: Hallmark of aging or lower diagnostic activity?

Pedersen

Rosholm

Ewertz

et al. 2019

Journal of Geriatric Oncology

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Background: The incidence of most cancers increases with age from early adulthood into old age, but tends to level off or decrease at the highest ages. This decline may be caused by age-related mechanisms or due to lower diagnostic activity, leaving some cancers undiagnosed at the oldest ages.Methods: For breast, colon, lung, and all sites except non-melanoma skin cancer, age-specific incidence rates of verified as well as suspected cancer were estimated up to ages 95+ years for a random sample of the Danish population, 1994-2011, based on nationwide health registers (40,008 verified and 9,110 suspected cancers). Moreover, for cancers diagnosed in Denmark, 1978Denmark, -2012 (613,384 cancers), age-specific percentages of tumors with microscopic verification (histological/cytological/hematological examination) were calculated.Results: The age-specific cancer incidence rates reached a peak at ages 65-89 years followed by a decline. The corresponding incidence pattern of suspected but not verified cancer was similar, with a trend of a slight absolute and relative decrease with age compared to verified cancer incidence.The proportion of cancers with microscopic verification decreased linearly from approximately 95% at ages 0-69 years all years to 70% (1978-1982) and to 80% (2010-2012) at ages 90+ years. Conclusions:The lower diagnostic verification of cancer at the highest ages suggests a lower diagnostic activity among the oldest-old. However, the proportion of suspected but not verified cancers did not increase with age, possibly partially due to lack of registration. The declining cancer incidence at oldest ages is probably partly due to lower diagnostic activity.

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“…Existe uma marcante e multifatorial associação entre o risco de neoplasias malignas e o envelhecimento, na qual, para a maior parte dos cânceres conhecidos, suas incidências e taxas de mortalidade aumentam com o avançar da idade 22 . Os dados encontrados no presente estudo, todavia, contrapõem tal afirmação, na medida em que houve predominância da faixa etária inferior a 60 anos na amostra avaliada, o que chama a atenção para o alto índice de neoplasias malignas em indivíduos jovens nessa população.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida e Prevalência de Sintomas Depressivos em Pacientes Oncológicos Submetidos à Radioterapia

Pereira

Passarin

Coimbra

et al. 2020

Rev. Brasileira.De.Cancerologia

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Introdução: A qualidade de vida de pacientes oncológicos tem sido objeto de estudo em muitos trabalhos brasileiros. Contudo, apesar da alta prevalência de indivíduos submetidos a radioterapia, poucos estudos com ênfase nesse grupo de pacientes foram identificados. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida e a prevalência de sintomas depressivos em pacientes com neoplasias malignas durante o tratamento radioterápico. Método: Estudo transversal quantitativo realizado com 153 pacientes oncológicos em vigência de tratamento radioterápico em um centro especializado em oncologia e radioterapia, localizado no Noroeste do Estado do Parana. Os dados foram coletados entre marco e setembro de 2018. O European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) e o Inventario de Depressão de Beck foram utilizados para avaliar a qualidade de vida e os sintomas depressivos, respectivamente. Resultados: Os domínios “qualidade de vida”, “função cognitiva” e “função social” foram os que menos se mostraram prejudicados na amostra estudada, enquanto “insônia”, “perda de apetite” e “dificuldades financeiras” destacaram-se entre os maiores preditores de baixa qualidade de vida. Ademais, contatou-se que 22% dos indivíduos avaliados apresentaram algum grau de transtorno de humor, sendo 11% diagnosticados com depressão. Conclusão: O declínio na qualidade de vida e a prevalência de sintomas depressivos em pacientes oncológicos, mesmo os em vigência de radioterapia, enaltecem a importância de intervenções precoces que visem a restabelecer a funcionalidade e o bem-estar.

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Cancer and aging: Epidemiology and methodological challenges

Cited by 51 publications

References 21 publications

Causes of death among cancer patients in the era of cancer survivorship in Korea: Attention to the suicide and cardiovascular mortality

Causes of death among cancer patients in the era of cancer survivorship in Korea: Attention to the suicide and cardiovascular mortality

Declining cancer incidence at the oldest ages: Hallmark of aging or lower diagnostic activity?

Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida e Prevalência de Sintomas Depressivos em Pacientes Oncológicos Submetidos à Radioterapia

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