Canadian Urological Association guideline on the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer – Abridged version

Bhindi, Bimal; Kool, Ronald; Kulkarni, Girish S.; Aprikian, Armen; Breau, Rodney H.; Brimo, Fadi; Fairey, Adrian; French, Christopher A.; Hanna, Nawar; Izawa, Jonathan I.; Lacombe, Louis; McPherson, Victor; Rendon, Ricardo; Shayegan, Bobby; So, Alan; Zlotta, Alexandre R.; Black, Peter C.; Kassouf, Wassim

doi:10.5489/cuaj.7487

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…An early reTURB is recommended to be performed for selected patients by all the most followed international guidelines in the urological community ( Table 1 ) [ 3 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Compared with initial TURB, reTURB can remove the residual tumors, detect understaging BC, improve the responsive rate of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillation, and instruct further treatments [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it increases the economic burden of bladder cancer care [ 22 ]. Moreover, there is no complete agreement in international guidelines as to which patients should be recommended for reTURB surgery, and these recommendations do not consider the impact of the surgical approach ( Table 1 ) [ 3 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. That is why we must further clarify which patients benefit most from reTURB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review on the Role of Repeat Transurethral Resection after Initial en Bloc Resection for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Zhou

Yang

et al. 2022

JCM

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International guidelines recommend repeat transurethral resection of bladder tumors (reTURB) for selected patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer to remove possible residual tumors, restage tumors and improve the therapeutic outcome. However, most evidence supporting the benefits of reTURB is from conventional TURB. The role of reTURB in patients receiving initial En bloc resection of bladder tumor (ERBT) is still unknown. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were systematically searched. Finally, this systematic review and meta-analysis included twelve articles, including 539 patients. The rates of residual tumor and tumor upstaging detected by reTURB after ERBT were 5.9% (95%CI, 2.0%–11.1%) and 0.0% (95%CI, 0.0%–0.5%), respectively. Recurrence-free survival, tumor recurrence and progression were comparable between patients with and without reTURB after initial ERBT. The pooled hazard ratios of 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 5-year recurrence-free survival were 0.74 (95%CI, 0.36–1.51; p = 0.40), 0.76 (95%CI, 0.45–1.26; p = 0.28), 0.83 (95%CI, 0.53–1.32; p = 0.43) and 0.83 (95%CI, 0.56–1.23; p = 0.36), respectively. The pooled relative risks of recurrence and progression were 0.87 (95%CI, 0.64–1.20; p = 0.40) and 1.11 (95%CI, 0.54–2.32; p = 0.77), respectively. Current evidence demonstrates that reTURB after ERBT for bladder cancer can detect relatively low rates of residual tumor and tumor upstaging and appears not to improve either recurrence or progression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on the Role of Repeat Transurethral Resection after Initial en Bloc Resection for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Zhou

Yang

et al. 2022

JCM

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“… 2 In these subtypes, depending on the risk of progression to the muscle invasive stage, the therapies have been continuously based on the instillation of chemotherapy (mitomycin-C, epirubicin, doxorubicin, pirarubicin, or gemcitabine) or BCG ( bacillus Calmette-Guérin) and post-transurethral resection of the tumor. 3 Other therapeutic options that are under investigation include laser, photodynamic therapy (PDT), radiation, chemoradiation, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and nanodrug delivery systems using organic or nonorganic nanoparticles. 4 Although chemotherapy, surgery, and immunotherapy have been practiced for decades, some patients with this kind of cancer do not respond to treatment, either due to the severity of the disease or the few available therapy options.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Responsible for 90% of bladder tumors, of which nearly 60 to 80% are limited to regions above the muscular layers, the so-called nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer includes the stages Cis, Ta, and T1 . In these subtypes, depending on the risk of progression to the muscle invasive stage, the therapies have been continuously based on the instillation of chemotherapy (mitomycin-C, epirubicin, doxorubicin, pirarubicin, or gemcitabine) or BCG ( bacillus Calmette-Guérin) and post-transurethral resection of the tumor . Other therapeutic options that are under investigation include laser, photodynamic therapy (PDT), radiation, chemoradiation, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and nanodrug delivery systems using organic or nonorganic nanoparticles .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Titanium Dioxide as a Potential Visible-Light-Activated Photosensitizer for Bladder Cancer Treatment

et al. 2022

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Low oxygen concentration inside the tumor microenvironment represents a major barrier for photodynamic therapy of many malignant tumors, especially urothelial bladder cancer. In this context, titanium dioxide, which has a low cost and can generate high ROS levels regardless of local O 2 concentrations, could be a potential type of photosensitizer for treating this type of cancer. However, the use of UV can be a major disadvantage, since it promotes breakage of the chemical bonds of the DNA molecule on normal tissues. In the present study, we focused on the cytotoxic activities of a new material (Ti(OH) 4 ) capable of absorbing visible light and producing high amounts of ROS. We used the malignant bladder cell line MB49 to evaluate the effects of multiple concentrations of Ti(OH) 4 on the cytotoxicity, proliferation, migration, and production of ROS. In addition, the mechanisms of cell death were investigated using FACS, accumulation of lysosomal acid vacuoles, caspase-3 activity, and mitochondrial electrical potential assays. The results showed that exposure of Ti(OH) 4 to visible light stimulates the production of ROS and causes dose-dependent necrosis in tumor cells. Also, Ti(OH) 4 was capable of inhibiting the proliferation and migration of MB49 in low concentrations. An increase in the mitochondrial membrane potential associated with the accumulation of acid lysosomes and low caspase-3 activity suggests that type II cell death could be initiated by autophagic dysfunction mechanisms associated with high ROS production. In conclusion, the characteristics of Ti(OH) 4 make it a potential photosensitizer against bladder cancer.

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“…BC is classified based on the depth of invasion of the lamina propria: (1) non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) and (2) muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). NMIBC is confined to the inner layer of the bladder wall (lamina propria) without invading the muscle layer, unlike MIBC, which can be found in the muscular wall of the bladder [ 5 ]. It is estimated that NMIBC is the most commonly diagnosed BC among cancer patients, representing about 75% of the population, while the rest of the patients suffer from MIBC and metastases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer-Associated Membrane Protein as Targeted Therapy for Bladder Cancer

et al. 2022

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Bladder cancer (BC) recurrence is one of the primary clinical problems encountered by patients following chemotherapy. However, the mechanisms underlying their resistance to chemotherapy remain unclear. Alteration in the pattern of membrane proteins (MPs) is thought to be associated with this recurrence outcome, often leading to cell dysfunction. Since MPs are found throughout the cell membrane, they have become the focus of attention for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Identifying specific and sensitive biomarkers for BC, therefore, requires a major collaborative effort. This review describes studies on membrane proteins as potential biomarkers to facilitate personalised medicine. It aims to introduce and discuss the types and significant functions of membrane proteins as potential biomarkers for future medicine. Other types of biomarkers such as DNA-, RNA- or metabolite-based biomarkers are not included in this review, but the focus is mainly on cell membrane surface protein-based biomarkers.

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Canadian Urological Association guideline on the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer – Abridged version

Cited by 9 publications

References 66 publications

A Systematic Review on the Role of Repeat Transurethral Resection after Initial en Bloc Resection for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

A Systematic Review on the Role of Repeat Transurethral Resection after Initial en Bloc Resection for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Modified Titanium Dioxide as a Potential Visible-Light-Activated Photosensitizer for Bladder Cancer Treatment

Cancer-Associated Membrane Protein as Targeted Therapy for Bladder Cancer

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