Canadian Field Soils I. Mineral Composition by XRD/XRF Measurements

Schönenberger, Johannes; Momose, T.; Wagner, Bernhard; Leong, Wey H.; Tarnawski, V. R.

doi:10.1007/s10765-011-1142-4

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The X-ray diffraction patterns associated to different mineral (chemical) phases were obtained after the sand samples were finely grounded to less than 150 micron (Schönenberger et al, 2012) [13]. The qualitative mineralogical sand composition was determined using the XRD Rigaku Ultima IV, equipped with PDXL analysis software.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Foundry sand Mineralogical Characterisation: The Impact of Cast Alloy, Casting Temperature and Molding Additive on the Nature Waste Foundry Sand

Nyembwe¹,

Makhatha²,

Mageza³

2017

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Abstract. The metal casting industry discharges huge volumes of waste foundry sand yearly. It was estimated to be 250 thousand tons of spent silica foundry sand for the existing 200 casting facilities in South Africa. Even though, establish documents exist in regards to the foundry sand composition, few well documented theories are available in regards to changes or mutations taking place after casting process. Four waste silica casting sands were qualitatively analyzed for they mineralogical phases composition using the X-ray diffraction (XRD). The investigation was conducted on various waste casting sand alloy including aluminum, cast iron, high chrome and steel. The result revealed a significant compositional difference related to the molding binder and casting temperature. Different silica phase's polymorph, related to the various alloy casting temperature, were observed in waste sand samples. Theses phases included alpha quartz, tridymite, and alpha cristobelite. The molding binder favored the crystalisation of bentonite related mineral such as periclase, microcline and wustite, within the greensand system. The chemically bonded sand exposed the presence of anorthite as the only existing mineralized phase in the resin sand. The mineralogical content of the waste foundry sand provides information on the molding binder used. In addition to that, silica polymorph it informs about the pouring temperature related to the cast alloy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Foundry sand Mineralogical Characterisation: The Impact of Cast Alloy, Casting Temperature and Molding Additive on the Nature Waste Foundry Sand

Nyembwe¹,

Makhatha²,

Mageza³

2017

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“…Laboratory XRD/XRF measurements were performed on the 40 soil samples from nine Canadian provinces [3]; a summary of their mineral composition is given in the Appendix. Their detailed textural characteristics are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Soil Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soils from New Brunswick are rich in clay minerals which are generally difficult to refine due to their highly variable crystal structure. As a result, only a semi-quantitative analysis was carried out [3].…”

Section: Reverse Modeling Of λ O−min λ S and θ Qtzmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Canadian Field Soils II. Modeling of Quartz Occurrence

et al. 2012

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The measured mineral composition data (XRD/XRF) of 40 Canadian soils were modeled for the presence of quartz as a function of soil texture. Preliminary modeling revealed a lack of strict correlation between quartz content and mass fraction of sand. For that reason, the occurrence of quartz content was modeled as dependent on a combined fraction of sand and silt, which produced an improved correlation for all tested soils. Then, all soils were modeled separately for five assigned provinces/regions of Canada and strong correlations of quartz versus combined sand and silt fractions were obtained. Estimates of quartz content and an average thermal conductivity of other minerals were also obtained by the reverse analysis of the weighted geometric mean model applied to the experimental thermal conductivity data of saturated soils. In general, quartz estimates followed XRD/XRF data sufficiently well. The thermal conductivity of the remaining soil minerals was about 2.13 W · m −1 · K −1 on average and did not depend on the soil texture.

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“…At present, these data are mostly obtained by using a single technique, like XRF scanner or hyperspectral imaging . A combined, multitechnique analytical characterization of drill cores can be the solution for speeding up exploration and mining, thus reducing mining costs and environmental impact . However, the combination of different characterization technique to obtain accurate and reliable results on drill cores and/or samples for planetary exploration is still a technological challenge .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogical investigations using XRD, XRF, and Raman spectroscopy in a combined approach

Secchi

Zanatta

Borovin

et al. 2018

J Raman Spectroscopy

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The identification of mineralogical phases in drill cores is one of the most challenging tasks in the mining activity in view of an efficient metal extraction. This process requires the analytical characterization of large volumes of material to obtain a complete set of data in a minimum of time. None of the commonly used methods in mineralogical analyses, such as IR‐based techniques, X‐rays fluorescence, and hyperspectral imaging, is capable to provide a fully satisfactory response for several reasons, the main one being the complexity of the ores. Moreover, the characterization is often conducted in remote laboratories and only on selected samples to limit the time waste. A possible alternative solution requires a multianalytical approach exploiting on‐field techniques. This strategy is currently being developed within SOLSA, a joint EU H2020 project, and consists of an automatic expert system coupling sonic drilling, imaging, profilometer, hyperspectral cameras, and a combination of Raman spectroscopy, X‐rays fluorescence, and X‐rays diffraction. In this work, the principles on which this cooperative approach is based are discussed, with application to two specific test samples, showing the potential and novelty of the method. In particular, a case is considered in which the sample characterization by the separate use of a single technique fails, whereas the combination of the three analyses (Raman spectroscopy, X‐rays fluorescence, and X‐rays diffraction) works even if the system is very complex.

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Canadian Field Soils I. Mineral Composition by XRD/XRF Measurements

Cited by 44 publications

References 4 publications

Waste Foundry sand Mineralogical Characterisation: The Impact of Cast Alloy, Casting Temperature and Molding Additive on the Nature Waste Foundry Sand

Waste Foundry sand Mineralogical Characterisation: The Impact of Cast Alloy, Casting Temperature and Molding Additive on the Nature Waste Foundry Sand

Canadian Field Soils II. Modeling of Quartz Occurrence

Mineralogical investigations using XRD, XRF, and Raman spectroscopy in a combined approach

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