Canadian Digestive Health Foundation Public Impact Series 4: Celiac Disease in Canada. Incidence, Prevalence, and Direct and Indirect Economic Impact

Fedorak, Richard N.; Switzer, Connie; Bridges, R. F.

doi:10.1155/2012/384787

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It is possible that inadequate consumption of whole grains and the associated increase in economic burden could be due to the rise of gluten-free and low-carbohydrate diets in the past decade [45,46]. Gluten is a protein found in a variety of grains, including wheat, rye, and barley.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some individuals have an intolerance to gluten and individuals with Celiac disease have an autoimmune reaction and can experience severe side effects if they consume the protein. In Canada, approximately 1% of the population has Celiac disease and an additional 1–6% report gluten sensitivity, however the true prevalence is difficult to establish as non-Celiac gluten sensitivity is often self-diagnosed [45,47]. An estimated 25% of American consumers reported consuming gluten-free food in 2015, and it is likely Canadian consumption of gluten free food was similar [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Economic Burden of Not Complying with Canadian Food Recommendations in 2018

et al. 2019

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Poor diet has been identified as a major cause of chronic disease. In this study we estimated the 2018 economic burden of chronic disease attributable to not complying with Canadian food recommendations. We retrieved the chronic disease risk estimates for intakes of both protective (fruit, vegetables, milk, whole grains, nuts and seeds) and harmful foods (sugar-sweetened beverages, processed meat, red meat) from the Global Burden of Disease Study, and food intakes from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey 24-hour dietary recalls (n = 19,797). Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated for all food–chronic disease combinations, and mathematically adjusted to estimate the 2018 annual direct (hospital, physician, drug) and indirect (human capital approach) economic burden for each disease. Not meeting the eight food recommendations was estimated to be responsible for CAD$15.8 billion/year in direct (CAD$5.9 billion) and indirect (CAD$9.9 billion) costs. The economic burden of Canadians under-consuming healthful foods exceeded the burden of overconsumption of harmful foods (CAD$12.5 billion vs. CAD$3.3 billion). Our findings suggest poor diet represents a substantial economic burden in Canada. Interventions may be more effective if they are wide in focus and promote decreased consumption of harmful foods alongside increased consumption of healthful foods, with emphasis on whole grains and nuts and seeds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Burden of Not Complying with Canadian Food Recommendations in 2018

et al. 2019

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“…C eliac disease is believed to affect approximately 0.5% to 1% of the population in some European nations and the United States (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Data from Canada are limited and largely derived from pediatric populations (6)(7)(8)(9), while estimates for adults in Canada have been largely derived by 'extension' based on serological screening studies performed in the United States (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Adult Celiac Disease Using Duodenal Screening Biopsies Over a 30-Year Period

Freeman

2013

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology

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Celiac disease is far more common in specialist practice than has been suggested in the evaluation of healthy populations using serological screening studies. Endoscopic duodenal biopsy is an important method of identifying underlying celiac disease and should be routinely considered in all patients undergoing an elective endoscopic evaluation. Noninherited factors, possibly environmental, may play a role in the appearance of biopsy-defined celiac disease and alter detection over time.

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“…Digestive disorders cost North Americans an estimated $154 billion annually in healthcare costs and lost productivity (Fedorak et al, 2012;Peery et al, 2019). Canada has the highest incidence of digestive diseases in the world, with two-thirds of Canadians suffering from a gastrointestinal condition within a given year (Fedorak et al, 2012). Some of these disorders are chronic inflammatory conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease.…”

Section: Digestive Diseases and Crop Desiccationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separating the Empirical Wheat From the Pseudoscientific Chaff: A Critical Review of the Literature Surrounding Glyphosate, Dysbiosis and Wheat-Sensitivity

Barnett

Gibson

2020

Front. Microbiol.

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The prevalence of digestive disorders has increased globally, as countries have adopted a more "Westernized" diet pattern. A Western diet, characterized as high in fat and refined carbohydrates, can also be defined as a product of increased technology and industrialization. Modern farmers rely on agrochemicals to meet the needs of a growing population, and these chemicals have shifted the Western diet's chemical composition. While the number of individuals choosing to live a wheat-free lifestyle without a celiac disease diagnosis has increased, clinical trials have shown that gluten from wheat is not responsible for causing symptoms in healthy individuals suggesting that something else is inducing symptoms. The herbicide, glyphosate, is applied to wheat crops before harvest to encourage ripening resulting in higher glyphosate residues in commercial wheat products within North America. Glyphosate inhibits the shikimate pathway, a pathway exclusive to plants and bacteria. Glyphosate's effect on dysbiosis was not considered when making safety recommendations. Here, we evaluate the literature surrounding glyphosate's effects on the gut microbiome and conclude that glyphosate residues on food could cause dysbiosis, given that opportunistic pathogens are more resistant to glyphosate compared to commensal bacteria. However, research on glyphosate's effects on the microbiome suffers from numerous methodological weaknesses, and these limitations make it impossible to draw any definitive conclusions regarding glyphosate's influence on health through alterations in the gut microbiome. In this review, we critically evaluate the evidence currently known and discuss recommendations for future studies.

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Canadian Digestive Health Foundation Public Impact Series 4: Celiac Disease in Canada. Incidence, Prevalence, and Direct and Indirect Economic Impact

Abstract: The Canadian Digestive Health Foundation initiated a scientific program to assess the incidence, prevalence, mortality and economic impact of digestive disorders across Canada in 2009. The current article presents the updated findings from the study concerning celiac disease.

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Economic Burden of Not Complying with Canadian Food Recommendations in 2018

Economic Burden of Not Complying with Canadian Food Recommendations in 2018

Detection of Adult Celiac Disease Using Duodenal Screening Biopsies Over a 30-Year Period

Separating the Empirical Wheat From the Pseudoscientific Chaff: A Critical Review of the Literature Surrounding Glyphosate, Dysbiosis and Wheat-Sensitivity

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