Canadian Arctic vegetation mapping

Gould, William A.; Edlund, S A; Zoltai, S. C.; Raynolds, Martha K.; Walker, Donald A.; Maier, Hilmar A.

doi:10.1080/01431160110113962

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These have relatively high percentages of vegetation cover (Fig. 5c) (Gould et al, 2002) by the presence of hemiprostrate dwarf-shrub vegetation with Cassiope tetragona, Vaccinium uliginosum, and Empetrum nigrum on mesic acidic substrates and the prostrate dwarf shrubs Salix arctica and Dryas integrifolia on nonacidic zonal sites (similar to subzone B) (Fig. 4c).…”

Section: Subzone Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five distinct subzones of the Arctic Tundra zone are recognizable in Canada (Yurtsev, 1994;Elvebakk et al, 1999;Gould et al, 2002). They represent a vegetation pattern related to the shift in mean July temperatures from 12˚C at the continental tree line to less than 3˚C in the far North.…”

Section: Subzonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subzones can be distinguished by dominant growth form and floristic composition on the mesic or zonal, (i.e., plakor) habitats (Razzhivin, 1999) and by differences in the less extensive intrazonal habitats such as snowbeds, wetlands, and riparian areas. Shifts in dominant growth form are consistent across substrate types, and shifts in species composition are strongly controlled by substrate within each subzone (Walker, 2000;Gould et al, 2002).…”

Section: Subzonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The southern boundary of subzone E is represented by the northern limit of trees. This represents the southern boundary of the area mapped for the CAVM in Canada (Gould et al, 2002).…”

Section: Subzone Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining Research and Education: Bioclimatic Zonation along a Canadian Arctic Transect

Gould¹,

Walker

Biesboer

2003

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Scientists and students from five countries combined research and education in an investigation of bioclimatic zonation along a Canadian Arctic transect, from Amund Ringnes Island and Ellesmere Island in the north to the Daring Lake research camp at the southern edge of the tundra in Nunavut. We addressed three important needs in Arctic science: 1) to integrate education and research, 2) to provide field experiences for undergraduates, and 3) to foster international collaboration. We describe five subzones within the Arctic tundra zone. Subzones are defined by the vegetation typical of mesic environments at low elevations and the dominant growth forms of vegetation in these environments. Subzonal boundaries coincide with the northern limits of several species of woody plants with distinct upright or prostrate growth forms, and ultimately with the northern limit of woody plant species. The five subzones, A-E, from north to south, are characterized by dominant growth form: (A) cushion forb, (B) prostrate dwarf shrub, (C) hemiprostrate dwarf shrub, (D) erect dwarf shrub, and (E) low shrub.

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Section: Subzone Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subzonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subzonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The southern boundary of subzone E is represented by the northern limit of trees. This represents the southern boundary of the area mapped for the CAVM in Canada (Gould et al, 2002).…”

Section: Subzone Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combining Research and Education: Bioclimatic Zonation along a Canadian Arctic Transect

Gould¹,

Walker

Biesboer

2003

ARCTIC

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“…Subzone C is a hemi prostrate dwarf shrub subzone which is characterized by the presence of additional woody species, including the hemi prostrate shrub Cassiopetetragona, and increased diversity in sedges and herbaceous species [20]. At this zone, our study sites are composed of well-weathered glacial till deposited during the middle-Pleistocene [25].…”

Section: Open Access Ojssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms in Small Patterned Ground Features and Adjacent Vegetated Soils along Topographic and Climatic Gradients in the High Arctic, Canada

González¹,

Rivera-Figueroa²,

Gould³

et al. 2014

OJSS

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In this study, we determine differences in total biomass of soil microorganisms and community structure (using the most probable number of bacteria (MPN) and the number of fungal genera) in patterned ground features (PGF) and adjacent vegetated soils (AVS) in mesic sites from three High Arctic islands in order to characterize microbial dynamics as affected by cryoturbation, and a broad bioclimatic gradient. We also characterize total biomass of soil microorganisms and the most probable number of bacteria along a topographic gradient within each bioclimatic subzone to evaluate whether differences in topography lead to differences in microbial dynamics at a smaller scale. We found total microbial biomass C, the most probable number of heterotrophic bacteria, and fungal genera vary along this bioclimatic gradient. Microbial biomass C decreased with increasing latitude. Overall, microbial biomass C, MPN and the number of fungal isolates were higher in AVS than in PGFs. The effects which topographic position had on microbial biomass C varied across the bioclimatic gradient as there was no effect of topographic position in Isachsen (subzone A) and Mould Bay (subzone B), when compared to Green Cabin (subzone C, warmer site).There was no effect of topographic position on MPN counts at Mould Bay and Green Cabin. However, in Isachsen, MPN counts were highest in the wet topographic position as compared to the mesic and dry. In conclusion, PGFs seem to decouple the effect climate that might have on the total biomass of soil microorganisms along the bioclimatic gradient; and influence gets ameliorated as latitude increases. Similarly, the effect of topography on the total microbial biomass is significant at the warmest bioclimatic zone of the gradient. Thus, climate and topographic effects on total microbial biomass increase with warmer climate.

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Evaluation of the presence of streambed vegetation on storage and run‐off in hillslope streams in a High Arctic environment

Miller

Young

2015

Ecohydrology

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Polar Bear Pass, located on Bathurst Island (75°40′N, 98°30′W) in the Canadian High Arctic, is a large ecologically important, low-lying wetland that receives water inputs from streams in the surrounding hillslopes. Most of these hillslope streams are gravel-bed streams; however, some streambeds are moss lined. One of these vegetated streams was selected to determine how vegetation influences run-off processes (e.g. water storage and streamflow) in comparison with a similar-sized gravel-bed hillslope stream. During the 2009 and 2010 field seasons, snow cover, melt and streamflow measurements were collected in both streams. Frost table and soil moisture conditions were monitored weekly along four cross-sectional transects in each stream basin, and vegetation inventories were conducted in July 2010. The active layer developed more quickly in 2010 than in 2009, yet the thaw depth remained thinner in the vegetated stream in both years. In 2009, prolonged rainfall of low intensity and meltwater inputs from long-lasting valley snowbeds maintained streamflow. Warmer and drier conditions in 2010 caused the stream to eventually cease flow, only regenerating after intense rainfall. Moss plays an important role in modifying streamflow later in the season when low-flow conditions persist, acting as a barrier to streamflow as the moisture deficit of the vegetation must be satisfied before streamflow can regenerate. Results indicate that there is a threshold that determines whether vegetation promotes or hinders streamflow and that this factor will have important implications in response to changing climate conditions for this site and other arctic landscapes.

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Canadian Arctic vegetation mapping

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

Combining Research and Education: Bioclimatic Zonation along a Canadian Arctic Transect

Combining Research and Education: Bioclimatic Zonation along a Canadian Arctic Transect

Microorganisms in Small Patterned Ground Features and Adjacent Vegetated Soils along Topographic and Climatic Gradients in the High Arctic, Canada

Evaluation of the presence of streambed vegetation on storage and run‐off in hillslope streams in a High Arctic environment

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