Can We Trust the Literature on Risk Factors and Triggers for Low Back Pain? A Systematic Review of a Sample of Contemporary Literature

Ardakani, Emad M.; Leboeuf‐Yde, Charlotte; Walker, Bruce F.

doi:10.1155/2019/6959631

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Most cases of LBP have no identifiable pathoanatomical cause or clear nociceptive source that could explain chronic symptoms (Maher et al, 2017). This has led to a focus on the identification of psychological, social, and demographic risk factors to explain the transition to chronic LBP (Ardakani et al, 2019). Unfortunately, risk factors such as pain intensity, disability, psychological distress, smoking, and physical inactivity explain only some of the variance in LBP outcome (Hartvigsen et al, 2018;Kent & Keating, 2008;Lin et al, 2011;Shiri et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes study of low back pain cohort profile

Jenkins,

Chang,

Buscemi

et al. 2023

NZJP

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Despite chronic low back pain (LBP) being considered a biopsychosocial condition for diagnosis and management, few studies have investigated neurobiological risk factors thought to underpin the transition from acute to chronic LBP. The aim of this research is to describe the methodology, compare baseline characteristics between acute LBP participants and pain-free controls, and compare LBP participants with or without completed follow-up. One hundred and twenty individuals experiencing acute LBP and 57 pain-free controls were recruited to participate in the Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes (UPWaRD) study. Neurobiological, psychological, and sociodemographic data were collected at baseline, and at 3 and 6 months. Ninety-five participants (79%) provided outcome data at 3-month follow-up and 96 participants (80%) at 6 months. Compared to controls, LBP participants in the UPWaRD cohort were older, had a higher BMI, a higher prevalence of comorbidities, and higher medication usage. Higher depression, anxiety and stress, lower pain self-efficacy, and higher pain catastrophising during acute LBP were correlated with higher 6-month pain and disability. This cohort provides novel and significant opportunities to increase understanding of neurobiological risk factors of LBP. Future findings endeavour to provide new targets for treatment and prevention of chronic LBP. Additional priorities include exploring epigenetic and proteomic biomarkers of poor LBP outcome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes study of low back pain cohort profile

Jenkins,

Chang,

Buscemi

et al. 2023

NZJP

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show abstract

“…Most cases of LBP have no identifiable pathoanatomical cause or clear nociceptive source that could explain persistent symptoms [32]. This has led to a focus on the identification of psychological, social and demographic risk factors to explain the transition to chronic LBP [2]. Using this approach, the strongest predictors of chronic LBP are high pain severity during the acute-stage [3;10;13;49;59] and a prior history of LBP [53].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes study of low back pain cohort profile

Jenkins

Chang

Buscemi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundDespite chronic low back pain (LBP) being considered a biopsychosocial condition for diagnosis and management, few studies have investigated neurophysiological or neurobiological risk factors thought to underpin the transition from acute to chronic LBP. The aim of this cohort profile is to describe the methodology, compare baseline characteristics between acute LBP participants and pain-free controls, and compare LBP participants with or without completed follow-up.Methods120 individuals experiencing acute LBP and 57 pain-free controls were recruited to participate in the Understanding Persistent Pain Where it Resides (UPWaRD) study. Screening was conducted via email and phone. Neurobiological, psychological, and sociodemographic data were collected at baseline, three- and six-months. LBP status was assessed using the numerical rating scale and Roland-Morris disability questionnaire at three and six-month follow-up.Results95 participants (79%) provided outcome data at three-month follow-up and 96 participants (80%) at six-months. Participants who did not complete follow-up at three- and six-months within the UPWaRD LBP cohort had higher psychological distress, higher pain interference, higher levels of moderate physical activity, and reported occupational difficulties due to pain (P = <0.05). Compared to controls, LBP participants in the UPWaRD cohort were older, had a higher BMI, a higher prevalence of comorbidities and higher medication usage. Higher depression, anxiety and stress, lower pain self-efficacy and higher pain catastrophizing during acute LBP were correlated with higher six-month pain and disability (P = < 0.01).ConclusionsThis cohort profile reports baseline characteristics of the UPWaRD LBP and pain-free control cohort.

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“…This concept of an underlying 'disease' and consecutive episodes is crucial in the research of episodic, recurring conditions, particularly when risk factors (RFs) are likely to be different from triggers. Consequently, an acknowledgement of a disease-free period and an accurate, precise definition of an episode and non-episode (a pain-free break between two distinct episodes) seems to be indispensable when investigating RFs or triggers of LBP [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prognostic merit of self-reported triggers of recurrent low back pain: study protocol

et al. 2020

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Background: Most cases of low back pain (LBP) are regarded as non-specific and current studies indicate that for many this is a chronic recurrent condition, in which people experience episodes of pain with symptom-free periods in between. It is likely that acute exposure to some factors triggers the reappearance of new episodes in recurrent LBP regardless of the causality of the underlying condition (i.e. risk factors). Additionally, it has been shown that LBP patients present with different trajectories and different trajectories possibly have different triggers. Hence, dividing patients into some clinically meaningful subgroups may offer new insights into triggers, effective preventive strategies and, therefore, prognosis. This study aims to identify self-reported triggers and trajectories of episodes of recurrent LBP and to examine the prognostic association between different triggers and LBP trajectories. Methods: This is a longitudinal, multicentre, Australia-wide observational study of patients with recurrent non-specific LBP. Two hundred adults with at least a one-year history of LBP will be recruited from primary care clinics or private practices and followed for a year. Each will receive an SMS every fortnight (26 time-points in total) enquiring the occurrence of a new episode of pain in the past 2 weeks and its intensity. Upon report of a new episode, a telephone interview will be performed to appraise exposure to self-nominated triggers in a period of 24 h preceding the pain. Trajectories will be identified by latent class analysis at the end of the follow-up based on the pain intensity, frequency, and length of episodes. Triggers will be categorised into physical and psychosocial groups. Generalised linear mixed models with logit links will be used to explore pain triggers associated with pain trajectories. Discussion: The completion of this study will provide insight into the patients' self-reported triggers of LBP and also their possible prognostic association with different trajectories. Some newly-identified and pre-identified triggers are likely to be found and reported.

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Can We Trust the Literature on Risk Factors and Triggers for Low Back Pain? A Systematic Review of a Sample of Contemporary Literature

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

The Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes study of low back pain cohort profile

The Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes study of low back pain cohort profile

The Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes study of low back pain cohort profile

The prognostic merit of self-reported triggers of recurrent low back pain: study protocol

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