“Can waiting awaken the resting brain?” A comparison of waiting- and cognitive task-induced attenuation of very low frequency neural oscillations

Hsu, Chia Fen; Broyd, Samantha J.; Helps, Suzannah K.; Benikos, Nicholas; Sonuga‐Barke, Edmund

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2013.05.043

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…This is problematic because DMN connectivity is affected by such variations in task characteristics 23 and instructions 24 . Another recent small-scale study 25 reported DMN hypo-connectivity in male adolescents with CD who were free of comorbid SUDs, also using ICA methods but, in this case, more standard procedures for collecting resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Default Mode Connectivity in Adolescents With Conduct Disorder

Broulidakis

Fairchild

Sully

et al. 2016

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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Objective: Conduct disorder (CD) is characterized by impulsive, aggressive, and antisocial behaviors that may be related to deficits in empathy and moral reasoning. The brain's default mode network (DMN) has been implicated in self-referential cognitive processes of this kind. Method:We examined connectivity between key nodes of the DMN in 29 male adolescents with CD and 29 age-and sex-matched typically-developing adolescents. We ensured that group differences in DMN connectivity were not explained by comorbidity with other disorders by systematically controlling for the effects of substance use disorders (SUDs), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, psychopathic traits, and other common mental health problems. Results:Only after adjusting for co-occurring ADHD symptoms, the group with CD showed hypo-connectivity between core DMN regions relative to typically-developing controls. ADHD symptoms themselves were associated with DMN hyperconnectivity. There was no effect of psychopathic traits on DMN connectivity in the group with CD, and the key results were unchanged when controlling for SUDs and other common mental health problems. Conclusion:Future research should directly investigate the possibility that the aberrant DMN connectivity observed in the current study contributes to CD-related deficits in empathy and moral reasoning, and examine self-referential cognitive processes in CD more generally.

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Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Default Mode Connectivity in Adolescents With Conduct Disorder

Broulidakis

Fairchild

Sully

et al. 2016

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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“…However, prior research using the same condition showed a different pattern of mental activity during five minutes of waiting and five minutes of resting (Hsu, et al, 2015;Hsu, et al, 2013). Future research should include an online measure of participants' perceived mental state during waiting to clarify this issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The brain states occurring when individuals are actually waiting for future events also provides an interesting contrast with the process of prospection about those events. Recent EEG studies observed the attenuation of EEG power within the frontal regions when individuals were 'waiting' for rewards compared to when they were resting (Hsu, Broyd, Helps, Benikos, & Sonuga-Barke, 2013). The waiting-induced attenuation of neural oscillations was localized to midline brain structures overlapping with the DMN regions, suggesting the suppression may be caused by the goal-directed nature of waiting (Hsu, Benikos, & Sonuga-Barke, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological evidence during episodic prospection implicates medial prefrontal and bilateral middle temporal gyrus

Hsu

Sonuga‐Barke

2016

Brain Research

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AbstractfMRI studies have implicated the medial prefrontal cortex and medial temporal lobe, components of the default mode network (DMN), in episodic prospection. This study compared quantitative EEG localized to these DMN regions during prospection and during resting and while waiting for rewards. EEG was recorded in twenty-two adults while they were asked to (i) envision future monetary episodes; (ii) wait for rewards and (iii) rest.Activation sources were localized to core DMN regions. EEG power and phase coherence were compared across conditions. Prospection, compared to resting and waiting, was associated with reduced power in the medial prefrontal gyrus and increased power in the bilateral medial temporal gyrus across frequency bands as well as greater phase synchrony between these regions in the delta band. The current quantitative EEG analysis confirms prior fMRI research suggesting that medial prefrontal and medial temporal gyrus interactions are central to the capacity for episodic prospection.

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“…Hsu and colleagues recently drew a parallel between waiting and resting brain states -highlighting some similarities and also some important differences (Hsu et al, 2013). In particular, they pointed out how both states involve the experience of a period of idle time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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a b s t r a c tBackground: Spontaneous very low frequency oscillations (VLFO), seen in the resting brain, are attenuated when individuals are working on attention demanding tasks or waiting for rewards (Hsu et al, 2013). Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) display excess VLFO when working on attention tasks.

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confidence: 99%