Can Type of Dizziness Influence the Vestibular Caloric Test Result?

Abstract

Background: The broad range of vestibular tests used to diagnose labyrinth diseases allows for a functional assessment of the vestibular system. Among the many tests performed, the caloric test is considered the gold standard by providing an objective measurement of the vestibular function for each labyrinth. Objective: to correlate the different types of dizziness with the caloric test result. Methods: a descriptive study was performed based on the previous records of vestibular tests performed on patients with body balance disorders evaluated at Audiology Service between 2000 and 2020. The variables evaluated were sex, age, hearing loss, tinnitus, and caloric test result. Results: the sample was composed of 892 patients, 654 (73.4%) women, and 238 (26.6%) men. Normal results were obtained for 57.4% (N = 514) of the individuals, while peripheral disease 40.1% (N = 357), and central disease 2.5% (N = 21) accounted for the remaining. Complaint of vertigo was not common in central disorders ( P = .02; OR = 0.17) and instability was associated with bilateral vestibular weakness ( P = 0.02; OR = 5.92). Vertigo associated with tinnitus and/or hearing loss was more frequent in the caloric test with peripheral abnormality ( P = 0.008). Conclusion: complaints of vertigo associated with tinnitus and/or hearing loss must be directed for clinical observation of unilateral peripheral lesion and instability to central disease or bilateral peripheral lesion.

Vestibular disorders in patients after COVID-19 infection

“…In our study, unilateral vestibular weakness was observed in 39.7%, abnormal results of the caloric test were present in 36.2%, and changes in oculomotor movements in around 40% (Table 3). These findings disclose an unexpected degree of neurological alterations after a vestibular disease post-COVID-19, when compared to the general population that presented a vestibular disease (24,25). A study in the adult US population found a prevalence of vestibular hypofunction of 28/100,000 (26).…”

“…In a descriptive study by Felipe et al, patients with body balance disorders revealed peripheral disease in 40.1% and central disease in 2.5% individuals. Abnormal results in the caloric test were found in 42.6%, with UW present in 31.7% patients with vertigo ( 24 ). The other study that analyzed VNG in patients with dizziness, vertigo, and balance disorders revealed vestibular disorders in 35.86% patients, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in 18.9% of patients, mixed vertigo in 16.12% of patients, cervical vertigo in 5.42% of patients, vertigo and dizziness of central origin in 3.78% of patients, vascular vertigo in 2.8% of patients, and vestibular neuritis in 2.3% of patients ( 25 ).…”

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“…Перевірка допомогою калоричної та обертальної проб є неприйнятними для дітей через стимуляцію запаморочення та нудоти [35], а на тест вестибулярних викликаних міогенних потенціалів (VEMP) негативно впливає наявність випоту в середньому вусі [31].…”

Evaluation of sensory discomfort caused by stimulation with virtual reality in volunteers with and without kinetosis

“…For a better study of motion sickness, as well as to evaluate the possibilities of therapies and drug treatments, some motion sickness provocation models were used (16)(17)(18)(19) . One of the first models was labyrinthine stimulation with air and water, which attempts to simulate labyrinthine functioning, although the endolymphatic current velocity achieved in the caloric test was very low and nonphysiological (17) .…”