Can the Glenopolar Angle be Used to Predict Outcome and Treatment of the Floating Shoulder?

Kim, Kyung-Cheon; Rhee, Kyehan; Shin, Hyun Dae; Yang, Jun-Young

doi:10.1097/01.ta.0000240982.99842.b9

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Pace et al [13] reported an average GPA value of 39°(range, 26-50°) measured in nine patients on AP radiographs of the non-affected shoulder as compared to our value of 36°(range, 28-46°). Kim et al [11] obtained an average GPA value of 38°(range, 35-42°) measured in 16 patients on AP chest radiographs of the non-affected side as compared to our measurement of 37°(range, 26-63°). We did not find any study dealing with normal GPA values based on Neer I views or on 3D CT reconstructions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Subsequently, other authors measured the GPA in various radiological projections, i.e., on AP shoulder radiographs, Neer I scapular views and AP chest radiographs [2,4,8,[11][12][13]. None of the mentioned authors dealt with standardization of GPA measurements or the impact of projection on its values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Most of the authors evaluating the outcomes of treatment of scapular fractures by means of the GPA [2,4,8,[11][12][13] considered normal GPA values to be in the range of 30-45°, as set by Bestard et al [1], however, without specifying how they arrived at such values. Subsequently, other authors measured the GPA in various radiological projections, i.e., on AP shoulder radiographs, Neer I scapular views and AP chest radiographs [2,4,8,[11][12][13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The scapular glenopolar angle: standard values and side differences

et al. 2014

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GPA values depend on the method of measurement used. Measurements made on 3D CT reconstructions and Neer I views showed almost the same values as those measured on bone specimens. The values measured on AP shoulder views and AP chest radiographs were statistically significantly lower. Side-to-side variability (right and left) measured on 3D CT reconstructions was insignificant, and the obtained values corresponded to the values from bone specimens. Therefore, the best method to measure the GPA is a 3D CT reconstruction and an exact Neer I projection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The scapular glenopolar angle: standard values and side differences

et al. 2014

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“…The glenopolar angle (GPA) is a well known standardized measurement which normal values oscillate between 30-45° [10,22]. When preserving a GPA above 30° is related with greater Constant Score (CST) [6,10,18,22]and Herscovici Score [10,20,22] demonstrated by some evidence III and IV studies.…”

Section: Glenoid Neck Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When preserving a GPA above 30° is related with greater Constant Score (CST) [6,10,18,22]and Herscovici Score [10,20,22] demonstrated by some evidence III and IV studies. Romero et al demonstrated that a GPA of less than 20° will produce persistent malrotation [4,6,23].…”

Section: Glenoid Neck Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floating Shoulder Injuries, What Parameters are Important and their Treatment Options

JM¹

2017

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Introduction: Floating shoulder is the disruption of the superior shoulder suspensory complex in two or more sites. It is an uncommon injury, accounting 0.1% of all bone fractures, and has a high incidence of associated injuries, which are present in 80-90% of the cases. Currently there is no defined treatment algorithm or classification for floating shoulder. Many parameters have been described regarding the surgical criteria's, but most of them are described unevenly. Thus the instability criteria and surgical indications are unclear. Material and methods:We made a scoping review using the methodology described by Colquhoun in 2014. We did the review of the literature of the last 10 years in Spanish and English. Then in a narrative form we described the main actual surgical criteria and options for each type of injury in the floating shoulder. Results:To make a proper Floating Shoulder diagnosis, CT scan is recommended for a better assessment of the displacement, angulations and medialization of the injuries. At this time the decision making is based on the displacement and angulations, inferring the ligament ruptures and instability of a floating shoulder injury. Glenopolar angle of less than 30° and Offset medialization of more than 20 mm are two parameters that can predict a bad outcome.The displacement is an important measure in decision making. Coracoid and acromium fractures are treated surgically when displaced more than 8 mm. Surgical Fixation of clavicle injuries is extensively recommended. Conclusion:Floating shoulder diagnosis requires an integral assessment and complete CT workup. The treatment of floating shoulder injuries requires the assessment of each morphological injury individually. Displacement, medialization and the Glenopolar angle are the main criterias in decision making. Nowadays a floating shoulder classification or treatment protocol is needed.

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