Can the Deforestation Breeze Change the Rainfall in Amazonia? A Case Study for the BR-163 Highway Region

Saad, Sandra Isay; Rocha, Humberto Ribeiro da; Dias, Maria A. F. Silva; Rosolem, Rafael

doi:10.1175/2010ei351.1

Cited by 49 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In both deforestation simulations, the impacts of the land cover change are more intense over "Arc of deforestation" and central-southern Amazon during the whole year, however, it is worth emphasizing that the relative impact of the simulated changes is greatest in the dry season JJA when the wintertime large-scale circulation interaction are less influential. This is in agreement with Baidya et al [90] and Saad et al [91].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Sensitivity of Amazon Regional Climate to Deforestation

Alves¹,

Marengo²,

Fu³

et al. 2017

AJCC

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It is known that the Amazon region plays an important role in the global energy, hydrological cycle and carbon balance. This region has been suffering from the course of the past 40 years intense land use and land cover changes. With this in mind, this study has examined possible associations between change in spatial and temporal rainfall variability and land cover change in the Amazon, using the PRECIS regional modelling system. It has been found that the impacts of land cover change by forest removal are more intense in the so-called "Arc of deforestation" over central and southern Amazonia. However, the relative impact of the simulated rainfall changes seems to be more important in the JJA dry season. In addition, the simulations under the deforestation scenarios also show the occurrence of extreme rainfall events as well as more frequent dry periods. Therefore, the results found show to be potentially important in the modulation of regional climate variations which have several environmental and socio-economic impacts.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Sensitivity of Amazon Regional Climate to Deforestation

Alves¹,

Marengo²,

Fu³

et al. 2017

AJCC

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“…Most of the region has an afternoon peak of convective activity; however, selected areas experience quite intense nocturnal systems and more pronounced seasonality (Saraiva et al, 2016). The diurnal convection cycle is strongly linked to underlying surface features Silva Dias et al, 2002), including its topography , deforestation (Saad et al, 2010), and large rivers (Dos Santos et al, 2014;Silva Dias et al, 2004). Additionally, large rivers impact the evolution of rainfall through the convergence of river breezes with ambient air flow (Fitzjarrald et al, 2008).…”

Section: The Amazon Forest Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Overview: Precipitation characteristics and sensitivities to environmental conditions during GoAmazon2014/5 and ACRIDICON-CHUVA

et al. 2018

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Abstract. This study provides an overview of precipitation processes and their sensitivities to environmental conditions in the Central Amazon Basin near Manaus during the GoAmazon2014/5 and ACRIDICON-CHUVA experiments. This study takes advantage of the numerous measurement platforms and instrument systems operating during both campaigns to sample cloud structure and environmental conditions during 2014 and 2015; the rainfall variability among seasons, aerosol loading, land surface type, and topography has been carefully characterized using these data. Differences between the wet and dry seasons were examined from a variety of perspectives. The rainfall rates distribution, total amount of rainfall, and raindrop size distribution (the massweighted mean diameter) were quantified over both seasons.The dry season generally exhibited higher rainfall rates than the wet season and included more intense rainfall periods. However, the cumulative rainfall during the wet season was 4 times greater than that during the total dry season rainfall, as shown in the total rainfall accumulation data. The typical size and life cycle of Amazon cloud clusters (observed by satellite) and rain cells (observed by radar) were examined, as were differences in these systems between the seasons. Moreover, monthly mean thermodynamic and dynamic variables were analysed using radiosondes to elucidate the differences in rainfall characteristics during the wet and dry seasons. The sensitivity of rainfall to atmospheric aerosol loading was discussed with regard to mass-weighted mean diameter and rain rate. This topic was evaluated only durPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. L. A. T. Machado et al.: Overview: Precipitation characteristics and sensitivities to environmental conditionsing the wet season due to the insignificant statistics of rainfall events for different aerosol loading ranges and the low frequency of precipitation events during the dry season. The impacts of aerosols on cloud droplet diameter varied based on droplet size. For the wet season, we observed no dependence between land surface type and rain rate. However, during the dry season, urban areas exhibited the largest rainfall rate tail distribution, and deforested regions exhibited the lowest mean rainfall rate. Airplane measurements were taken to characterize and contrast cloud microphysical properties and processes over forested and deforested regions. Vertical motion was not correlated with cloud droplet sizes, but cloud droplet concentration correlated linearly with vertical motion. Clouds over forested areas contained larger droplets than clouds over pastures at all altitudes. Finally, the connections between topography and rain rate were evaluated, with higher rainfall rates identified at higher elevations during the dry season.

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“…Differences such as these can affect atmospheric circulation and rainfall in proportion to the scale of deforestation [12][13][14]. Recent evidence in the SSE Amazon shows that land cover heterogeneity creates centres of strong atmospheric divergence and decreased precipitation, which vary in shape and size depending on the area deforested and prevailing wind direction [15][16][17][18][19][20]. This is clearest in Rondônia, Brazil, where analysis of daily rainfall data suggests that deforestation since the 1970s has caused an 18 day delay in the onset of the rainy season [18].…”

Section: Current Status Of Scientific Understanding (A) Forest -Climamentioning

confidence: 99%

Deforestation and climate feedbacks threaten the ecological integrity of south–southeastern Amazonia

Coe

Marthews

Costa

et al. 2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

150

118

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A mosaic of protected areas, including indigenous lands, sustainable-use production forests and reserves and strictly protected forests is the cornerstone of conservation in the Amazon, with almost 50 per cent of the region now protected. However, recent research indicates that isolation from direct deforestation or degradation may not be sufficient to maintain the ecological integrity of Amazon forests over the next several decades. Large-scale changes in fire and drought regimes occurring as a result of deforestation and greenhouse gas increases may result in forest degradation, regardless of protected status. How severe or widespread these feedbacks will be is uncertain, but the arc of deforestation in south–southeastern Amazonia appears to be particularly vulnerable owing to high current deforestation rates and ecological sensitivity to climate change. Maintaining forest ecosystem integrity may require significant strengthening of forest conservation on private property, which can in part be accomplished by leveraging existing policy mechanisms.

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Can the Deforestation Breeze Change the Rainfall in Amazonia? A Case Study for the BR-163 Highway Region

Cited by 49 publications

References 33 publications

Sensitivity of Amazon Regional Climate to Deforestation

Sensitivity of Amazon Regional Climate to Deforestation

Overview: Precipitation characteristics and sensitivities to environmental conditions during GoAmazon2014/5 and ACRIDICON-CHUVA

Deforestation and climate feedbacks threaten the ecological integrity of south–southeastern Amazonia

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