Can the Cytokine Analysis of the Scales on Alopecic Patch Predict the Response to Diphenylcyclopropenone Treatment in Alopecia Areata Patients?

Lee, Si Hyub; Moon, Jong Hyuk; Ban, Dae Hyun; Byun, Ji Won; Shin, Jeonghyun; Choi, Gwang Seong

doi:10.5021/ad.2018.30.2.150

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“… 34 However, additional studies would be required to confirm the role of regulatory cytokines in AA, since Lee et al had reported no significant difference in the IL-10 levels of scale samples from patients (responders vs nonresponders) after receiving topical immunotherapy. 55 Gong et al demonstrated that patients with pretreatment showed elevated Th1-cytokines, using IL-12 as the marker, and could be good candidates for DPCP therapy. Patients with elevated Th2-cytokines, such as IL-4, can counteract the immune response elicited by topical immunotherapy, leading to poor treatment response.…”

Section: Topical Immunotherapy and Alopecia Areatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Topical Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Review and Update

Mahasaksiri¹,

Kositkuljorn²,

Anuntrangsee³

et al. 2021

DDDT

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Treatment of extensive or recalcitrant alopecia areata (AA) is a major clinical challenge. Even after thorough investigation of several medications, its treatment outcomes have remained unsatisfactory. While there is no US Food and Drug Administration-approved medication for AA yet, topical immunotherapy has been a well-documented treatment option. Dinitrochlorobenzene, squaric acid dibutylester, and diphenylcyclopropenone are three substances that have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of extensive or recalcitrant AA. Despite being commonly used, the mechanism underlying topical immunotherapy is not well-elucidated and a wide range of clinical efficacies have been reported in the literature. The aim of this review was to summarize and update the pharmacology, mechanism of action, therapeutic efficacy, and tolerability of topical immunotherapy in the treatment of AA.

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Section: Topical Immunotherapy and Alopecia Areatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Topical Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Review and Update

Mahasaksiri¹,

Kositkuljorn²,

Anuntrangsee³

et al. 2021

DDDT

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“…Yonei et al (2007) detected that TCA induced production of growth factors and cytokines, including platelet-derived growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, keratinocyte-derived growth factor, and interleukin-10 (IL-10) 19 . Reviewing the literature, it was found that IL-10 has an anti-inflammatory action 20 and that it was elevated in scalp following diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) treatment. 21 Also, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulates angiogenesis providing nutritional needs of follicles.…”

Section: Significant Reduction In Trichoscopic Parameters Indicatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichloroacetic acid 35% as a therapeutic line for localized patchy alopecia areata in comparison with intralesional steroids: Clinical and trichoscopic evaluation

Mahgoub

Dhannoon

El-Mesidy

2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease resulting in nonscarring hair loss. Topical, intralesional, and systemic agents are available. 1 Intralesional corticosteroids (ILCs) may be used in patients above 10 years of age with <50% scalp involvement. 2 Other previously tried modalities with success include topical immunomodulators 3 and chemical peeling using phenol and lactic acid. 4,5 Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is a chemical peeling agent that precipitates epidermal proteins and destructs the upper dermis. 6 TCA 35% was tried with successful results in treating patchy alopecia areata. The proposed mechanism of action was through stimulating growth factors and cytokines during the wound-healing process. 7 The aim of the current work was to compare clinically and trichoscopically the efficacy of this peeling agent for the treatment of patchy alopecia areata with ILCs.

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“…Moreover, even patients with good responses to JAK inhibitors require long-term administrations of the drug because AA easily relapses 2.7 months after the cessation of the drug [ 7 ]. As there are no established biomarkers of AA, which would reflect disease activities and therapeutic responses, many researchers have made substantial efforts to reveal biomarkers of AA, which patients would be indicated for JAK inhibitors, or other treatments such as DPCP [ 8 , 9 ]. There is some evidence that elevated serum levels of IL-4 and IL-12 before treatment suggest unfavorable response to DPCP in AA patients [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex Vivo Treatment with Allogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells of a Healthy Donor on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Severe Alopecia Areata: Targeting Dysregulated T Cells and the Acquisition of Immunotolerance

Kim

Lee

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition related to the collapse of the immune privilege of hair follicles. Certain AA populations present severe clinical manifestations, such as total scalp hair or body hair loss and a treatment refractory property. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of allogenic human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from healthy donors on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of severe AA patients, with a focus on the change in the cell fraction of Th1, Th17, and Treg cells and immunomodulatory functions. PBMCs of 10 AA patients and eight healthy controls were collected. Levels of Th17, Th1, and Treg subsets were determined via flow cytometry at baseline, activation status, and after co-culturing with hMSCs. All participants were severe AA patients with SALT > 50 and with a long disease duration. While the baseline Th1 and Treg levels of AA patients were comparable to those of healthy controls, their Th17 levels were significantly lower than those of the controls. When stimulated, the levels of CD4+IFN-γ+ T cells of the AA patients rose sharply compared to the baseline, which was not the case in those of healthy controls. The cell fraction of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells also abruptly increased in AA patients only. Co-culturing with allogenic hMSCs in activated AA PBMCs slightly suppressed the activation levels of CD4+INF-γ+ T cells, whereas it significantly induced the differentiation of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. However, these changes were not prominent in the PBMCs of health controls. To examine the pathomechanisms, PBMCs of healthy donors were treated with IFN-γ to induce AA-like environment and then treated with allogenic grants and compared with ruxolitinib as a positive treatment control. hMSC treatment was shown to significantly inhibit the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-2R, IL-15, and IL-18, and chemokines, such as CCR7 and CCR10, in IFN-treated PBMCs. Interestingly, hMSCs suppressed the activation of JAK/STAT signaling by IFN in PBMCs with an effect that was comparable to that of ruxolitinib. Furthermore, the hMSC treatment showed stronger efficacy in inducing Foxp3, IL-10, and TGF-β mRNA transcription than ruxolitinib in IFN-treated PBMCs. This study suggests that allogenic hMSC treatments have therapeutic potential to induce immune tolerance and anti-inflammatory effects in severe AA patients.

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Can the Cytokine Analysis of the Scales on Alopecic Patch Predict the Response to Diphenylcyclopropenone Treatment in Alopecia Areata Patients?

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Application of Topical Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Review and Update

Application of Topical Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Review and Update

Trichloroacetic acid 35% as a therapeutic line for localized patchy alopecia areata in comparison with intralesional steroids: Clinical and trichoscopic evaluation

Ex Vivo Treatment with Allogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells of a Healthy Donor on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Severe Alopecia Areata: Targeting Dysregulated T Cells and the Acquisition of Immunotolerance

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