Can temporal lobe epilepsy surgery ameliorate accelerated long-term forgetting?

Evans, Stephen; Elliott, Gemma; Reynders, Hazel; Isaac, Claire L.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.11.007

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We also note that in other forgetting studies in epilepsy, some did not find statistically significant accelerated forgetting (Davidson, Dorris, O'Regan, & Zuberi, 2007;Mulhert et al, 2011;Narayanan et al, 2012) and others only observed accelerated forgetting after longer delays (Evans et al, 2014;Tramoni et al, 2011). Whilst heterogeneity of method and materials are likely to have contributed to the variability of M A N U S C R I P T…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Reviewing the studies listed in Table 1, approximately half exhibited progressive forgetting soon after learning that eventually became statistically significant at longer delays (Atherton, Nobre, Zeman, & Butler, 2014;Bengner et al, 2006;Butler et al, 2007;Deak, Stickgold, Pietras, Nelson, & Bubrick, 2011;Evans, Elliott, Reynders, & Isaac, 2014;Kemp, Illman, Moulin, & Baddeley, 2012;Mameniskiene et al, 2006;Martin et al, 1991;Mulhert et al, 2011;Mulhert, Milton, Butler, Kapur, & Zeman, 2010;Wilkinson et al, 2012). Other studies showed a divergent pattern of forgetting, although some of these also exhibited ceiling effects (Blake, Wroe, Breen, & McCarthy, 2000;Butler et al, 2007;Butler, Kapur, Zeman, Weller, & Connelly, 2012;Butler & Zeman, 2008a;Evans et al, 2014;Hoefeijzers et al, 2013;Kapur et al, 1997;Manes, Graham, Zeman, de Luján Calcagno, & Hodges, 2005;Mayes et al, 2003;Mulhert et al, 2011;Wilkinson et al, 2012).…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies showed a divergent pattern of forgetting, although some of these also exhibited ceiling effects (Blake, Wroe, Breen, & McCarthy, 2000;Butler et al, 2007;Butler, Kapur, Zeman, Weller, & Connelly, 2012;Butler & Zeman, 2008a;Evans et al, 2014;Hoefeijzers et al, 2013;Kapur et al, 1997;Manes, Graham, Zeman, de Luján Calcagno, & Hodges, 2005;Mayes et al, 2003;Mulhert et al, 2011;Wilkinson et al, 2012). The influence of ceiling effects is particularly important in these cases because of the potential for overlearning, which may mask any (early) differential forgetting effects between groups.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forgetting in temporal lobe epilepsy: When does it become accelerated?

Cassel

Morris

Koutroumanidis

et al. 2016

Cortex

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The notion of 'accelerated long-term forgetting' has often been attributed to disrupted 'late' memory consolidation. Nevertheless, methodological issues in the literature have left this theory unproven, leading some to suggest such findings may be reflective of subtle acquisition or early retention deficits. This study attempts to address such issues, and also to explore which pathophysiological variables are associated with forgetting rates. Eighteen participants with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and eighteen matched controls completed background neuropsychological measurement of immediate and short-delay memory that showed comparable performance, both on verbal and visual tests. Using two novel experimental tasks to measure long-term forgetting, cued recall of verbal and visuospatial material was tested 30 seconds, 10 minutes, one day, and one week after learning. Forgetting of verbal material was found to be progressively faster during the course of a week in the TLE group. For visuospatial memory, participants in the TLE group exhibited faster early forgetting in the first 10 minutes after learning, as indicated by planned comparisons, with comparable forgetting rates thereafter. Our findings provide evidence for two patterns of disruption to 'early' memory consolidation in this population, occurring either at the initial delay only or continuing progressively through time. Differences in how soon after learning accelerated forgetting was detectable were related to factors associated with greater severity of epilepsy, such as presence of medial temporal lobe sclerosis on MRI and use of multiple anti-epileptic agents.

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Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Forgetting in temporal lobe epilepsy: When does it become accelerated?

Cassel

Morris

Koutroumanidis

et al. 2016

Cortex

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“…This study illustrates that repeated recall (without re-presentation of stimuli) may help counteract the effects of ALF. Other studies have attempted to avoid the problem of repeated retrieval by presenting different stimuli at each delay (Evans, Elliott, Reynders, & Isaac, 2013; Muhlert et al., 2010), and by using large stimuli sets (Evans et al., 2013). This can help to avoid confounds created by repeated retrieval.…”

Section: Part I: Methodological Issues In Assessing Forgetting Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring forgetting: A critical review of accelerated long-term forgetting studies

Elliott

Isaac

Muhlert

2014

Cortex

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158

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Accelerated long-term forgetting (ALF) refers to abnormal forgetting over hours to weeks despite normal acquisition or initial consolidation. Since standardised assessments of memory typically only test at delays of up to 40-minutes, ALF may go undetected in clinical practice. The memory difficulties associated with ALF can however cause considerable distress to patients. It is important therefore that clinicians are aware that ALF may represent a distinct phenomenon that will require additional and careful assessment to aid patients' understanding of the condition and assist in developing strategies to address its effects. At the same time, ALF may also provide insight into long-term memory processes. Studies of ALF in patients with epilepsy have so far demonstrated mixed results, which may reflect differences in methodology. This review explores the methodological issues that can affect forgetting, such as the effects of age, general cognitive function, test sensitivity and initial learning. It then evaluates the extent to which existing studies have considered these key issues. We outline the points to consider when designing ALF studies that can be used to help improve their validity. These issues can also help to explain some of the mixed findings in studies of ALF and inform the design of standardised tests for assessing ALF in clinical practice.

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“…Indeed, some would argue that ALF by definition is only seen in patients with intact initial recall [14]. Of the studies that have looked for ALF in patients with TLE who showed normal memory at 30 min [2,8,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], all but one [17] have found significant decline over longer delays compared with control subjects. Many of the studies that found normal performance at early delays followed by ALF used a learning-to-criterion approach initially [8,16,18,19], but no study to date has directly investigated the effect of learning condition (i.e., learning-to-criterion versus one exposure) on ALF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%