Can Semantics Guide Ontology?

Ritchie, Katherine

doi:10.1080/00048402.2015.1045912

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The fact that the account takes inspiration from formal semantics raises the difficult question of the proper relation between ontology and formal semantics. This question has been discussed both in relation to knowledge-how (Devitt 2011;Glick 2011;Noë 2005;Stanley 2011;Stanley & Williamson 2001), and social ontology (Ritchie 2016;in press). Some authors seem to treat linguistic evidence as providing conclusive answers to philosophical questions, taking what Devitt (2011) calls a linguisticsfirst approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group Knowledge, Questions, and the Division of Epistemic Labour

Habgood‐Coote¹

2019

Ergo, an Open Access Journal of Philosophy

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Discussions of group knowledge typically focus on whether a group's knowledge that p reduces to group members' knowledge that p. Drawing on the cumulative reading of collective knowledge ascriptions and considerations about the importance of the division of epistemic labour, I argue for what I call the Fragmented Knowledge account, which allows for more complex relations between individual and collective knowledge. According to this account, a group can know an answer to a question in virtue of members of the group knowing parts of that answer, when the whole answer is available to group-level action. I argue that this account explains a swathe of central cases of group knowledge, as well as explaining some central features of group knowledge.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group Knowledge, Questions, and the Division of Epistemic Labour

Habgood‐Coote¹

2019

Ergo, an Open Access Journal of Philosophy

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The science of belief: A progress report

Porot

Mandelbaum

2020

WIRES Cognitive Science

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The empirical study of belief is emerging at a rapid clip, uniting work from all corners of cognitive science. Reliance on belief in understanding and predicting behavior is widespread. Examples can be found, inter alia, in the placebo, attribution theory, theory of mind, and comparative psychological literatures. Research on belief also provides evidence for robust generalizations, including about how we fix, store, and change our beliefs. Evidence supports the existence of a Spinozan system of belief fixation: one that is automatic and independent of belief rejection. Independent research supports the existence of a system of fragmented belief storage: one that relies on large numbers of causally isolated, context-sensitive stores of belief in memory. Finally, empirical and observational data support at least two systems of belief change. One system adheres, mostly, to epistemological norms of updating; the other, the psychological immune system, functions to guard our most centrally held beliefs from potential inconsistency with newly formed beliefs. Refining our understanding of these systems can shed light on pressing real-world issues, such as how fake news, propaganda, and brainwashing exploit our psychology of belief, and how best to construct our modern informational world.

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The General Truthmaker View of ontological commitment

Rettler

2015

Philos Stud

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In this paper, I articulate and argue for a new truthmaker view of ontological commitment, which I call the ''General Truthmaker View'': when one affirms a sentence, one is ontologically committed to there being something (or some things) that makes (or make) true the proposition expressed by the sentence. This view comes apart from Quinean orthodoxy in that we are not ontologically committed to the things over which we quantify, and it comes apart from extant truthmaker views of ontological commitment in that we are not ontologically committed to the truthmakers of our sentences.

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Can Semantics Guide Ontology?

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Group Knowledge, Questions, and the Division of Epistemic Labour

Group Knowledge, Questions, and the Division of Epistemic Labour

The science of belief: A progress report

The General Truthmaker View of ontological commitment

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