Can seasonal and interannual variation in landscape CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; fluxes be detected by atmospheric observations of CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; concentrations made at a tall tower?

Smallman, T. Luke; Williams, Mathew; Moncrieff, John

doi:10.5194/bg-11-735-2014

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…DALEC, on the other hand, is a simplified terrestrial C-cycle model which is calibrated independently at each location retrieving both process parameters and initial conditions using the carbon data model framework (CARDAMOM) modeldata fusion system. CARDAMOM ingests satellite-based remotely sensed estimates of the state of terrestrial ecosystems (Bloom and Williams, 2015;Bloom et al, 2016;Smallman et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the UK's carbon dioxide flux: an atmospheric inverse modelling approach using a regional measurement network

et al. 2019

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We present a method to derive atmosphericobservation-based estimates of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes at the national scale, demonstrated using data from a network of surface tall-tower sites across the UK and Ireland over the period 2013-2014. The inversion is carried out using simulations from a Lagrangian chemical transport model and an innovative hierarchical Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) framework, which addresses some of the traditional problems faced by inverse modelling studies, such as subjectivity in the specification of model and prior uncertainties. Biospheric fluxes related to gross primary productivity and terrestrial ecosystem respiration are solved separately in the inversion and then combined a posteriori to determine net ecosystem exchange of CO 2 . Two different models, Data Assimilation Linked Ecosystem Carbon (DALEC) and Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), provide prior estimates for these fluxes. We carry out separate inversions to assess the impact of these different priors on the posterior flux estimates and evaluate the differences be-tween the prior and posterior estimates in terms of missing model components. The Numerical Atmospheric dispersion Modelling Environment (NAME) is used to relate fluxes to the measurements taken across the regional network. Posterior CO 2 estimates from the two inversions agree within estimated uncertainties, despite large differences in the prior fluxes from the different models. With our method, averaging results from 2013 and 2014, we find a total annual net biospheric flux for the UK of 8 ± 79 Tg CO 2 yr −1 (DALEC prior) and 64 ± 85 Tg CO 2 yr −1 (JULES prior), where negative values represent an uptake of CO 2 . These biospheric CO 2 estimates show that annual UK biospheric sources and sinks are roughly in balance. These annual mean estimates consistently indicate a greater net release of CO 2 than the prior estimates, which show much more pronounced uptake in summer months.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the UK's carbon dioxide flux: an atmospheric inverse modelling approach using a regional measurement network

et al. 2019

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“…CC BY 4.0 License. 2007) to mechanistic process based biosphere models (Tolk et al, 2009;Ter Maat et al, 2010;Smallman et al, 2014;Uebel et al, 2017). The modelled CO 2 concentrations and surface fluxes from mesoscale model systems compare better with observations than global model systems (Ahmadov et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modelled CO 2 concentrations and surface fluxes from mesoscale model systems compare better with observations than global model systems (Ahmadov et al, 2009). The atmospheric impact on surface processes related to the ecosystem's sensitivity and CO 2 exchange can be examined in greater details (Tolk et al, 2009) and tall towers footprints can be studied more concisely (Smallman et al, 2014). 5 The heterogeneity of coastal ocean contributes with a large uncertainty to assessment of the air-sea CO 2 exchange (Regnier et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SPA has more recently been coupled into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (Skamarock et al, 2008), the resulting WRF-SPA model was used in multiannual simulations over the United Kingdom and assessed against surface fluxes of CO 2 , H 2 O and heat, and atmospheric observations of CO 2 from aircraft and a tall tower (Smallman et al, 2013(Smallman et al, , 2014.…”

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Simulating the atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration across the heterogeneous landscape of Denmark using a coupled atmosphere-biosphere mesoscale model system

Lansø¹,

Smallman²,

Christensen³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Surface heterogeneity can be challenging to fully encompass by modelling studies of CO 2 surface exchanges, especially when it comes to land-sea boarders. The relative importance of the marine and the terrestrial surface fluxes on the atmospheric CO 2 concentration were examined by developing a mesoscale modelling framework capable of simulating surface exchanges at a high spatiotemporal resolution. This study exploits the complexity of the Danish landscape and the many land-sea boarders found along the nation's 7,300 km of coastline. 5An atmospheric transport model, DEHM, with a horizontal spatial resolution of 5.6 km × 5.6 km constituted the basis of the modelling framework. A mechanistic biosphere model, SPA, was coupled to DEHM in order to simulate terrestrial surface exchanges applying a tiling approach with the seven most dominant land-use classes in Denmark to account for sub-grid heterogeneity. Detailed surface fields of pCO 2 were used to simulate the air-sea CO 2 exchange for the study region. Monthly mean diurnal cycles of surface water pCO 2 were imposed onto these, in order to include short-term variability in surface water 10 pCO 2 .The Danish biospheric fluxes simulated by the SPA-DEHM model system experienced an east-west gradient corresponding to the distribution of the land-use classes and their biological activity. The relative importance of the seven land-use classes varied throughout the year according to their individual growth patterns. A major contribution to the monthly net ecosystem exchange (NEE) through all seasons came from grasslands, while the influence from croplands increased from March to July. 15Grasslands had, on an annual basis, the largest impact on the biospheric net uptake with -1,423 GgC yr Impact from Roskilde fjord was difficult to detect in the simulated CO 2 concentrations. These difficulties in simulating the local impact from the Roskilde Fjord might arise from (i) the fjord not being adequately resolved in the constructed model system, 5(ii) the lack of a realistic representation of the surface water pCO 2 dynamics, or (iii) that the fjord is not in the simulated footprint and only had a modest impact on the simulated atmospheric CO 2 at the Risø tall tower.

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“…The problem of global climate changing drivers is discussed mainly in a framework of human activities, in particular anthropogenic emissions of CO2 [96]. Nevertheless, the problem is not simple.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion’s Association in Soil Solution among the Drivers of Biogeosystem Dynamics

Endovitsky¹,

Andreev²,

Minkina³

et al. 2015

Biogeosystem Technique

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Biogeosystem change is linked to ion's association in soil solution. The concern of carbon sequestration problem is a soil as carbon sink drain. The carbonate calcium equilibrium (CCE) in soil solutions is important to characterize the degree soil solutions saturation with CaCO3 as a factor of terrestrial system carbonate geochemical cycle. CCE depends on the state of the chemical composition, pH, Eh, buffering properties of soil liquid phase, dissolution, migration, precipitation of carbonates in the soil profile and landscape, ion exchange processes at the interface of solid and liquid phases. At high ionic force in soil solution are formed electrically neutral ion pairs СаСО3°; CaSO4°, MgCO3°, MgSO4°, charged ion pairs CaHCO3 + , MgHCO3 + , NaCO3 -, NaSO4 -, CaOH + , MgOH + .The object of research -Southern Russia; saline chestnut soil, dry steppe zone; non-saline chernozem, steppe zone. The soil solution was extracted from soil layers 0-150 cm. Composition of soil solution was determined using standard analytical methods. The soil system is the object of mathematical thermodynamic modeling, because it is impossible to remove the solution from dry soil, on the other hand, the extraction of solution change the chemical equilibrium in solution. The approach to soil disperse system model is proposed as a discreet partially insulated form one another microwater-basins on the internal surfaces of soil. This approach gives a new understanding of water-salt transfer, geochemical barrier functions and ecological properties of soil.On the basis of CCE algorithm, the computer programs were developed to calculate the real equilibrium ion forms and determine the nature of carbonate-calcium balance in the soil solution. The mathematical model shows the real state of associated ions at different ionic strength of low saline and saline soil solution. The concentration of free and associated macro-ion forms were calculated in iteration procedure according analytical ion concentration considering ion material balance, linear interpolation of equilibrium constants, method of ionic pairs, laws of: initial Biogeosystem Technique, 2015, Vol.(5), Is. 3 268 concentration preservation, operating masses of equilibrium system. Concentration constants of ion pairs dissociation were calculated following the law of operating masses. Were determined the quantity of ion free form and coefficient of ion association γe as a ratio of ions free form to its analytical contents e ass an C / C  . The association of ions is higher in saline soil layers. Depending on composition and ionic force c of soil solution in the form of ionic pairs

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Can seasonal and interannual variation in landscape CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes be detected by atmospheric observations of CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations made at a tall tower?

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Quantifying the UK's carbon dioxide flux: an atmospheric inverse modelling approach using a regional measurement network

Quantifying the UK's carbon dioxide flux: an atmospheric inverse modelling approach using a regional measurement network

Simulating the atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration across the heterogeneous landscape of Denmark using a coupled atmosphere-biosphere mesoscale model system

Ion’s Association in Soil Solution among the Drivers of Biogeosystem Dynamics

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Can seasonal and interannual variation in landscape CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes be detected by atmospheric observations of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations made at a tall tower?

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Quantifying the UK's carbon dioxide flux: an atmospheric inverse modelling approach using a regional measurement network

Quantifying the UK's carbon dioxide flux: an atmospheric inverse modelling approach using a regional measurement network

Simulating the atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentration across the heterogeneous landscape of Denmark using a coupled atmosphere-biosphere mesoscale model system

Ion’s Association in Soil Solution among the Drivers of Biogeosystem Dynamics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Can seasonal and interannual variation in landscape CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes be detected by atmospheric observations of CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations made at a tall tower?

Simulating the atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration across the heterogeneous landscape of Denmark using a coupled atmosphere-biosphere mesoscale model system