Can resource costs of polyploidy provide an advantage to sex?

Neiman, Maurine; Kay, Adam; Krist, Amy C.

doi:10.1038/hdy.2012.78

Cited by 25 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 140 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…This suggestion finds indirect support from the multiple studies (nearly all in plants) that have demonstrated that allopolyploidy has a much larger effect on gene expression than autopolyploidy, implicating hybridization rather than ploidy elevation per se as the causal factor in gene expression changes following a transition to polyploidy (reviewed in Neiman et al. 2013b). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together, these results hint that asexual P. antipodarum may realize tissue‐ and individual‐level growth advantages connected to higher per‐organism gene expression levels (Neiman et al. 2013b). The extent to which this type of mechanism might help explain the life history differences between sexual and asexual P. antipodarum will require in‐depth characterization of gene expression levels in sexuals and asexuals and evaluation of how gene expression differences (if any) translate into differences in life history trait expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2015) to costs associated with ploidy effects on organismal ecology ( e.g ., increased sensitivity to nutrient limitation, Neiman et al. 2013b,c) and genomic mutational load (Otto and Whitton 2000). While this growing body of research highlights the likelihood that ploidy changes are important with respect to organismal ecology and lineage evolution, the overall biological significance of polyploidy remains unclear (Otto and Whitton 2000; Mable et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2010) means that polyploids might be expected to grow more rapidly than diploids (Neiman et al. 2013b,c). Conversely, polyploidy might be associated with relatively slow growth and maturation if increased per‐cell DNA content causes decreased metabolic rate (Cavalier‐Smith 1978; Hessen et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2011; also see Neiman et al. 2013b,c; Paczesniak et al. 2013) and as a potential contributor to the success of sexual P. antipodarum .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of polyploidy and reproductive mode on life history trait expression

Larkin

Tucci

Neiman

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Ploidy elevation is increasingly recognized as a common and important source of genomic variation. Even so, the consequences and biological significance of polyploidy remain unclear, especially in animals. Here, our goal was to identify potential life history costs and benefits of polyploidy by conducting a large multiyear common garden experiment in Potamopyrgus antipodarum, a New Zealand freshwater snail that is a model system for the study of ploidy variation, sexual reproduction, host–parasite coevolution, and invasion ecology. Sexual diploid and asexual triploid and tetraploid P. antipodarum frequently coexist, allowing for powerful direct comparisons across ploidy levels and reproductive modes. Asexual reproduction and polyploidy are very often associated in animals, allowing us to also use these comparisons to address the maintenance of sex, itself one of the most important unresolved questions in evolutionary biology. Our study revealed that sexual diploid P. antipodarum grow and mature substantially more slowly than their asexual polyploid counterparts. We detected a strong negative correlation between the rate of growth and age at reproductive maturity, suggesting that the relatively early maturation of asexual polyploid P. antipodarum is driven by relatively rapid growth. The absence of evidence for life history differences between triploid and tetraploid asexuals indicates that ploidy elevation is unlikely to underlie the differences in trait values that we detected between sexual and asexual snails. Finally, we found that sexual P. antipodarum did not experience discernable phenotypic variance‐related benefits of sex and were more likely to die before achieving reproductive maturity than the asexuals. Taken together, these results suggest that under benign conditions, polyploidy does not impose obvious life history costs in P. antipodarum and that sexual P. antipodarum persist despite substantial life history disadvantages relative to their asexual counterparts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2011; also see Neiman et al. 2013b,c; Paczesniak et al. 2013) and as a potential contributor to the success of sexual P. antipodarum .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of polyploidy and reproductive mode on life history trait expression

Larkin

Tucci

Neiman

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Ecological niche differences between two polyploid cytotypes of Saxifraga rosacea

Decanter

Colling

Elvinger

et al. 2020

American J of Botany

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Premise Different cytotypes of a species may differ in their morphology, phenology, physiology, and their tolerance of extreme environments. We studied the ecological niches of two subspecies of Saxifraga rosacea with different ploidy levels: the hexaploid Central European endemic subspecies sponhemica and the more widely distributed octoploid subspecies rosacea. Methods For both cytotypes, we recorded local environmental conditions and mean plant trait values in populations across their areas of distribution, analyzed their distributions by niche modeling, studied their performance at two transplant sites with contrasting conditions, and experimentally tested their cold resistance. Results Mean annual temperature was higher in hexaploid than in octoploid populations and experiments indicated that frost tolerance of the hexaploid is lower than that of the octoploid. Reproduction of octoploids from Central Europe was higher than that of hexaploids at a transplant site in subarctic Iceland, whereas the opposite was true in temperate Luxembourg, indicating adaptation of the octoploids to colder conditions. Temperature variables were also most important in niche models predicting the distribution of the two cytotypes. Genetic differences in survival among populations were larger for the octoploids than for the hexaploids in both field gardens, suggesting that greater genetic variability may contribute to the octoploid's larger distributional range. Conclusions Our results support the hypotheses that different cytotypes may have different niches leading to spatial segregation, and that higher ploidy levels can result in a broader ecological niche and greater tolerance of more extreme conditions.

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Genome‐material costs and functional trade‐offs in the autopolyploid Solidago gigantea (giant goldenrod) series

Walczyk

Hersch‐Green

2023

American J of Botany

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Premise of studyIncreased genomic “material costs” of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) atoms inherent to organisms with larger genome sizes (GS) has been proposed to limit growth under nutrient scarcities and promote growth under nutrient enrichments. Such responsiveness may reflect a nutrient‐dependent diploid versus polyploid advantage that could have vast ecological and evolutionary implications, but direct evidence that material costs increase with ploidy‐level and/or influence cytotype‐dependent growth, metabolic, and/or resource‐use tradeoffs is limited.MethodsWe grew diploid, auto‐tetraploid, and auto‐hexaploid Solidago gigantea plants under one of four ambient and enriched N:P treatments and measured traits related to material costs, primary and secondary metabolism, and resource‐use.Key resultsRelative to diploids, polyploids invested more N and P into cells and tetraploids grew more following N‐enrichments, suggesting that material costs increase with ploidy‐level. Polyploids also generally exhibited strategies that could minimize material‐cost‐constraints over both long (reduced monoploid GS) and short (more extreme transcriptome downsizing, reduced photosynthesis rates and terpene concentrations, enhanced N‐use efficiencies) evolutionary time periods. Furthermore, polyploids had lower transpiration rates but higher water‐use‐efficiencies than diploids, both of which were more pronounced under nutrient‐limiting conditions.ConclusionsCollectively we found that NP material costs increase with ploidy‐level but that material‐cost‐constraints might be lessened by organismal resource allocation/investment mechanisms that can also alter ecological dynamics and selection. Our results enhance mechanistic understanding of how global increases in nutrients might provide a release from material‐cost‐constraints in polyploids that could impact ploidy (or GS)‐specific performances, cytogeographic patterning, and multispecies community structuring.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Can resource costs of polyploidy provide an advantage to sex?

Cited by 25 publications

References 140 publications

Effects of polyploidy and reproductive mode on life history trait expression

Effects of polyploidy and reproductive mode on life history trait expression

Ecological niche differences between two polyploid cytotypes of Saxifraga rosacea

Genome‐material costs and functional trade‐offs in the autopolyploid Solidago gigantea (giant goldenrod) series

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