Can oral rinses play a role in preventing  transmission of Covid 19 infection?

Kelly, Niamh; Iomhair, Aoife Nic; McKenna, Gerald

doi:10.1038/s41432-020-0099-1

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Over‐the‐counter mouthwash/gargles generally claim to speed the wound healing process, have antiseptic properties, prevent gingivitis, and kill germs that cause bad breath. However, there is limited evidence that indicates that they inactivate viruses, including HCoV 26 . Therefore, we decided to investigate the virucidal properties of several oral and nasopharyngeal rinses in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lowering the transmission and spread of human coronavirus

Meyers

Robison

Milici

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic has created an unprecedented healthcare, social, and economic disaster. Wearing of masks and social distancing can significantly decrease transmission and spread, however, due to circumstances such as medical or dental intervention and personal choice these practices have not been universally adopted. Additional strategies are required to lessen transmission. Nasal rinses and mouthwashes, which directly impact the major sites of reception and transmission of human coronaviruses (HCoV), may provide an additional level of protection against the virus. Common over‐the‐counter nasal rinses and mouthwashes/gargles were tested for their ability to inactivate high concentrations of HCoV using contact times of 30 s, 1 min, and 2 min. Reductions in titers were measured by using the tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID50) assay. A 1% baby shampoo nasal rinse solution inactivated HCoV greater than 99.9% with a 2‐min contact time. Several over‐the‐counter mouthwash/gargle products including Listerine and Listerine‐like products were highly effective at inactivating infectious virus with greater than 99.9% even with a 30‐s contact time. In the current manuscript we have demonstrated that several commonly available healthcare products have significant virucidal properties with respect to HCoV.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lowering the transmission and spread of human coronavirus

Meyers

Robison

Milici

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Maximum viral load is present at disease onset, mainly in the upper respiratory tract. 23 According to Bidra et al, pre-procedural mouth rinse using oral preparation of Povidone-Iodine (PVP-I) in a concentration as low as 0.5% for at least 15 s can completely deactivate the virus. 24 The strong virucidal activity of povidone iodine can be effectively exploited by employing it as mouth gargle against COVID-19.…”

Section: Observations and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive review of guidelines to practice prosthodontic and implant procedures during COVID-19 pandemic

Pruthi

Parkash

et al. 2020

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research

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Objectives To present a comprehensive review of current literature available on Corona virus disease and dentistry, modifications required in dental and laboratory settings; and recommended disinfection protocols in current scenario. Special emphasis has been given to discuss guidelines for handling different prosthodontic procedures and implications of this pandemic on prosthodontic practice, education and research. Materials and methods Relevant literature pertaining to COVID-19 and dentistry was scrutinized on electronic search engines including PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane. Guidelines given by various organizations, institutions, national and international regulatory bodies and Indian Prosthodontic Society were also consulted to gather information pertaining to the objectives of our review. Results and observations: A total of 160 articles including cross-sectional studies, in vitro study, narrative reviews, letters to the editor and opinions were found to be relevant in accordance with our search strategy. Documented literature revealed that Covid-19 pandemic has culminated in serious clinical, financial and psychological implications in the field of dentistry. Certain steps such as adoption of teledentistry, judicious use of protective equipment, use of rubber dams, pre-procedural rinses have been suggested unanimously. However, there is a dearth of evidence-based recommendations in literature. Data regarding consequences of delaying prosthodontic procedures and patients’ perspectives is also sparse. Conclusion The COVID-19 necessitates the need to adopt a balanced approach while treating patients and safeguarding the dental professionals at the same time. Risk-benefit ratio has to be assessed along with stringent following of guidelines and disinfection protocols to combat this unprecedented situation.

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“…In addition, the SARS-CoV-2 virus stimulates lesions on the skin, hand, foot and mouth disease which resemble those of other viral infections [ 35 ]. Further investigations need to done to determine if the virus in COVID-19 patients causes oral manifestations [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Infection In Oral and Overall Body Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, PD may also be a pre-existing condition that worsens COVID-19 outcomes [ 35 , 37 ]. Inflammation present in periodontal infections is often caused by an immune response known as a cytokine storm [ 89 , 90 ].…”

Section: Pre-exiting Condition Effect On Covid-19 Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Oral Health: Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges

Coke

Davison

Fields

et al. 2021

JCM

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The novel corona virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the disease it causes, COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) have had multi-faceted effects on a number of lives on a global scale both directly and indirectly. A growing body of evidence suggest that COVID-19 patients experience several oral health problems such as dry mouth, mucosal blistering, mouth rash, lip necrosis, and loss of taste and smell. Periodontal disease (PD), a severe inflammatory gum disease, may worsen the symptoms associated with COVID-19. Routine dental and periodontal treatment may help decrease the symptoms of COVID-19. PD is more prevalent among patients experiencing metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk. Studies have shown that these patients are highly susceptible for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress known to contribute to the development of PD and other metabolic diseases are highly elevated among COVID-19 patients. Periodontal health may help to determine the severity of COVID-19 infection. Accumulating evidence shows that African-Americans (AAs) and vulnerable populations are disproportionately susceptible to PD, metabolic diseases and COVID-19 compared to other ethnicities in the United States. Dentistry and dental healthcare professionals are particularly susceptible to this virus due to the transferability via the oral cavity and the use of aerosol creating instruments that are ubiquitous in this field. In this review, we attempt to provide a comprehensive and updated source of information about SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and the various effects it has had on the dental profession and patients visits to dental clinics. Finally, this review is a valuable resource for the management of oral hygiene and reduction of the severity of infection.

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Can oral rinses play a role in preventing transmission of Covid 19 infection?

Cited by 31 publications

References 6 publications

Lowering the transmission and spread of human coronavirus

Lowering the transmission and spread of human coronavirus

Comprehensive review of guidelines to practice prosthodontic and implant procedures during COVID-19 pandemic

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Oral Health: Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges

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