Can optimum yield and quality of vegetables be reconciled with low residual soil mineral nitrogen at harvest?

D’Haene, Karoline; Salomez, Joost; Verhaeghe, Micheline; Sande, Tomas Van de; Nies, Joris De; Hofman, Georges

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.01.034

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…At spinach harvest, 5 to 30 kg N ha −1 remained in the upper 30 cm of soil (Figures 3-5). D'Haene et al [59] measured comparable N min residues at spinach harvest as long as total N fertilization corresponded to actual plant demand. The authors derived a minimum N min residue of 7 kg ha −1 (0-30 cm) at a marketable yield of 25 t ha −1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The root-N was derived from the measured aboveground biomass-N and the root-N/shoot-N ratio based on the literature data. The root N of spinach plants at harvest was assumed to be 20% of the aboveground plant N [18,58,59]. In order to obtain the root N of the spinach crop residues at later tillage dates (late autumn and early spring), a ratio of 2 between aboveground and belowground N was assumed.…”

Section: Nitrogen Balance Sheet Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop Residue Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Losses during the Winter Leaching Period after Autumn Spinach Harvest

et al. 2022

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In open-field vegetable production, high quantities of soil mineral nitrogen (Nmin) and N-rich crop residues often remain in the field at harvest. After the harvest of crops in autumn, this N can lead to considerable nitrate (NO3−) losses during the subsequent winter leaching period. In four field trials, different tillage depths (3–4, 10, 30 cm) and dates (early autumn, late autumn, early spring) were investigated to reduce N losses after growing spinach in the autumn. In a further treatment, the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) was directly applied to the crop residues. Potential N losses were calculated by a balance sheet approach based on Nmin concentration (0–90 cm), measured N mineralization and N uptake by catch crops. By postponing the tillage date from early to late autumn or spring, resprouting spinach stubbles acted as a catch crop, reducing N losses by up to 61 kg ha−1. However, if the spinach biomass collapsed, the N losses increased by up to 33 kg ha−1 even without tillage. The application of DMPP as well as the tillage depth were less effective. Overall, postponing tillage to spring seems to be the most promising approach for reducing N losses during the off-season.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nitrogen Balance Sheet Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Residue Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Losses during the Winter Leaching Period after Autumn Spinach Harvest

et al. 2022

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“…In active growth period, bulbs with root and leaves need nutrients and water; basic needs of bulbs are phosphate and superphosphate or ammoniumphosphate are reported to be beneficial (Addai, 2011). Deficiencies in nitrogen are cause the development of small plants and bulbs by reason of early maturity (Scott, 2008;D'Haene et al, 2018). The number of florets per inflorescence is influenced in nutrition in the previous season and season when the plant blooms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Rhizobacteria on Plant Development, Quality of Flowering and Bulb Mineral Contents in Hyacinthus orientalis L.

Karagöz¹,

Dursu²,

Kotan³

2019

Alınteri Zirai Bilimler Dergisi

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Size of bulbs is directly proportional to the quality of the flower, the commercial value of the bulb and getting more bulblet. The research was carried out to evaluate the effects of PGPR on plant growth parameters, flowering, bulb quality and bulb mineral contents in hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv. Aiolos) under greenhouse condition. In the study, there were 5 applications: (T1) Pseudomonas putida strain RCK-42A, (T2) Kluyvera cryocrescens strain RCK-113C, (T3) Paenibacillus polymyxa strain RCK-12E, (T4) Bacillus subtilis strain RCK-17C, and (T5) Control (uninoculated bacteria). The surface-sterilized bulbs were incubated separately by shaking at 80 rpm for two hours at 28 ºC to coat the bulbs with the bacteria. The chlorophyll content (50.02), leaf length (26.03 cm), leaf area (268.38cm 2 ), flower fresh and dry weight (15.54 g and 0.88 g) in T2 (Kluyvera cryocrescens strain RCK-113C) was found as the maximum according to other applications. The highest leaf width (6.37 cm) and the highest floret number were observed in T4. It was shown that the maximum bulb diameter (42.57 mm), bulb length (40.01 mm) and bulb weight (12.01 g) were determined in T2. The maximum N (2.90%), P (1.98%) and Ca (1.74%) were found in T3. Maximum Fe (0.48 mg kg -1 ), Mn (151.20 mg kg -1 ) and Zn (35.28 mg kg -1 ) were found in T1. Use of especially Kluyvera cryocrescens strain RCK-113C and Pseudomonas putida strain RCK-42A bacterial isolates may be effective in maintaining the sustainability of the environment and growing medium in the cultivation of hyacinth and also the development of bio fertilizer.

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“…At a marketable yield of approximately 25 t ha −1 , D'Haene et al ( 2018) found a minimum N min residue of 7-12 kg ha −1 (0-30 cm), as long as fertilization corresponded to N uptake. However, at a higher total N supply, N min residue continuously increased without affecting the mass of marketable yield (D'Haene et al, 2018). Therefore, most of the variation in N min residue was due to the crop available N and the actual N uptake by plants.…”

Section: Quality Of the Producementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A reduced total N application is often discussed as a measure to mitigate the risk of NO 3 − leaching in field‐grown vegetable crops (D'Haene et al., 2018). In nitrate vulnerable zones, the recently revised German Fertilizer Ordinance (2020) restricts fertilizer N supply to 80% of the actual crop fertilization demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen fertilization strategies to reduce the risk of nitrate leaching in open field cultivation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)^#

Frerichs

Key

Broll

et al. 2022

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Background Spinach is a nitrogen (N) demanding crop with a weekly N uptake of up to 60 kg ha–1. Consequently, a high N supply is required, which can temporarily lead to high quantities of nitrate (NO3–) being at risk of leaching. Aims The objective of this study was to develop a N fertilization approach to reduce the risk of NO3– leaching in field‐grown spinach production without adversely affecting crop yield and quality at an early and late harvest stage. Methods Ten fertilization trials were conducted to compare different base fertilization rates and splits of top dressings. For top dressings, granulated fertilizers or foliar sprays were used. In a further treatment, N supply was reduced by withholding the second top dressing of 50–70 kg ha−1. Results Nitrate concentration at risk of leaching was considerably reduced by decreasing the base fertilizer rate as well as by splitting the top dressing. However, at an early harvest stage, total aboveground dry mass was reduced by, on average, 6% by these measures across all seasons. In contrast, at a later harvest stage, spinach was less affected by the fertilizer schedule. Urea foliar sprays proved to be insufficient in promoting plant growth and caused leaf necrosis. A reduced N supply led to impaired plant growth and yellowish leaves in both spring and winter. Conclusions Base N fertilization of spinach is only required in spring, but not in other seasons. Despite slight yield reduction, the top dressing should be split to reduce the risk of NO3− leaching after an early harvest.

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Can optimum yield and quality of vegetables be reconciled with low residual soil mineral nitrogen at harvest?

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Crop Residue Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Losses during the Winter Leaching Period after Autumn Spinach Harvest

Crop Residue Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Losses during the Winter Leaching Period after Autumn Spinach Harvest

Effects of Rhizobacteria on Plant Development, Quality of Flowering and Bulb Mineral Contents in Hyacinthus orientalis L.

Nitrogen fertilization strategies to reduce the risk of nitrate leaching in open field cultivation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)^#

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Can optimum yield and quality of vegetables be reconciled with low residual soil mineral nitrogen at harvest?

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Crop Residue Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Losses during the Winter Leaching Period after Autumn Spinach Harvest

Crop Residue Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Losses during the Winter Leaching Period after Autumn Spinach Harvest

Effects of Rhizobacteria on Plant Development, Quality of Flowering and Bulb Mineral Contents in Hyacinthus orientalis L.

Nitrogen fertilization strategies to reduce the risk of nitrate leaching in open field cultivation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)#

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Nitrogen fertilization strategies to reduce the risk of nitrate leaching in open field cultivation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)^#