Can kinetic hydrate inhibitors inhibit the growth of pre-formed gas hydrates?

Aminnaji, Morteza; Anderson, Ross; Hase, Alfred; Tohidi, Bahman

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104831

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Amminaji et al have also reported the anomalous behavior of KHIs while showing the catastrophic hydrate growth and partial hydrate dissociation inside the hydrate stability zone. 24,25 The actual mechanism of the catastrophic hydrate growth and the partial hydrate dissociation with KHIs are not well known; molecular level studies/characterizations of hydrate samples would offer the suitable explanation. 46,47 Moreover, morphology observations of mixed hydrate formation at different time intervals with KHIs are shown in Figure 9.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the dissociation ability of KHIs is not universal and not applicable to all type of hydrate structure/gas systems/additives. 24, 25 Cha et al 26 reported the delayed hydrate nucleation time and sluggish hydrate growth rate with 30 wt % MEG in water, but no such effects were observed at 10 wt % MEG at similar subcooling. Further, they found that adding both MEG (30 wt %) and PVP (1.0 wt %) offers a synergistic inhibition effect, which could be supportive in reducing operational expenditure for a high amount of MEG injection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the cause of hydrate dissociation with KHIs is not well understood, molecular interactions of KHIs with the hydrate cages could be the reason. Moreover, the dissociation ability of KHIs is not universal and not applicable to all type of hydrate structure/gas systems/additives. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Elucidating the Impact of Thermodynamic Hydrate Inhibitors and Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors on a Complex System of Natural Gas Hydrates: Application in Flow Assurance

et al. 2023

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To alleviate the hydrate blockage risk in oil and gas pipelines/production facilities, thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors (THIs) and kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) are the frequently used additives/chemicals. While these additives are highly effective, the impact of low dosage of THIs (under inhibited systems) and performance of KHIs at high water cut and/or high subcooling is not well understood. In this work, a high-pressure visual stirred tank reactor was employed to investigate the impact of THIs and KHIs on the kinetics of the complex hydrates of natural gas mixtures (CH4/C2H6/C3H8) and cyclopentane at high water-cut and high subcooling (∼21 °C). Various concentrations of a THI, mono-ethylene glycol (MEG) with a dosage ranging from 0.1 to 25 wt %, and multiple KHIs (polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP k-30, PVP k-90), caprolactam, butyl glycol ether (BGE), and polyglycerin with 0.1 wt % dosage) were evaluated for hydrate formation kinetics, onset hydrate formation/nucleation temperature, and morphological changes. Gas uptake results reveal that hydrate blockage risk is higher at low MEG content (0.1 to 10 wt %) compared to the baseline, while a significant reduction in gas uptake was observed for the high MEG content trials (20–25 wt %). With 20 and 25 wt % MEG, the hydrate nucleation temperature was reduced by 10–12 °C compared to the baseline. In context to KHIs impact, 0.1 wt % BGE and caprolactam promoted the nucleation temperature and the rate of hydrate formation/gas uptake. However, PVPs not only reduced the gas uptake kinetics but also lessened the hydrate nucleation temperature by 6–8 °C compared to the baseline data. Our results may offer new insights into optimizing hydrate inhibitors dosage to diminish the risk of hydrate blockage in subsea pipelines.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elucidating the Impact of Thermodynamic Hydrate Inhibitors and Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors on a Complex System of Natural Gas Hydrates: Application in Flow Assurance

et al. 2023

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“…The hydrate fraction can affect the CGI performance of a KHI at higher water conversions . However, in this work, only a small fraction (<2% water conversion) of viable hydrate crystals/hydrate history was used during the recooling cycle, and this does not affect CGI regions.…”

Section: Experimental Materials Equipment and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, KHIs are typically lower molecular weight polymers/copolymers (e.g., poly- n -vinyl caprolactam, PVCap), which prevent hydrate nucleation and growth. In addition to hydrate inhibition, anomalous dissociation induced by KHIs inside the hydrate stability zone has been also reported. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Pectin and Commercial Luvicap-Bio as Green Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors: A Comparative Evaluation by Crystal Growth Inhibition Methods

et al. 2022

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Low dosage kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) are a cost-effective technique for the prevention of solid gas hydrate plug formation problems in the oil and gas industry. Although many commercial KHI polymers (e.g., poly-nvinylcaprolactam, PVCap) have been used successfully in the field, in the past decade, considerable effort has been put into developing more eco-friendly KHIs due to environmental concerns around the non-biodegradability of traditional chemistries. Recently, natural pectin�a structural acidic heteropolysaccharide found in fruits�has been reported as a potential green KHI with good hydrate inhibition properties. In this work, crystal growth inhibition (CGI) methods have been used to assess the KHI performance of aqueous food grade apple pectin for pure methane and a multicomponent natural gas, with results compared to the commercial biodegradable KHI polymer Luvicap Bio. Results show that Luvicap Bio can offer significant inhibition to high subcoolings (e.g., 9.1 °C for the complete inhibition region in the natural gas system). In contrast, data show that pectin lacks the ability to significantly inhibit hydrate crystal growth, with it only showing some anti-nucleation properties, namely, through the ability to remove hydrate "history" (relic nuclei/water structuring). This "history removal" behavior highlights why it is crucial to ensure the presence of seeds (nuclei/water structures)�and ideally viable hydrate crystals�ahead of recooling cycles for the reliable assessment of KHIs by CGI type methods. An inadvertent lack of such "seeding" could potentially result in misleadingly strong apparent inhibition performance results, as recently found in related studies of some commercial KHIs.

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Omniphobic/superhydrophobic surface effect on oil and gas flow: A critical review

Hasan,

Sun,

Bahaeddine

et al. 2024

Can J Chem Eng

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Flow assurance in the petroleum business of the oil and gas industry ensures the efficient and continuous flow of hydrocarbons from production facilities to consumers. Impurities in oil and gas can cause corrosion and erosion, hydrate formation, scaling, and fouling, resulting in flow limits and reduced operating efficiency. The significant flow assurance issues must be managed through systematic exploration of effective mitigation and management approaches. The objective of this paper is to highlight the latest research in the field of flow assurance, including the application of superhydrophobic or omniphobic coatings to prevent scale growth, asphaltene precipitation, wax deposition, and hydrate formation. This review will provide new perspectives into the basic mechanistic mechanisms of deposition and blockage in oil and gas production systems, assisting in the development of novel methods compared to the employment of commercial chemical or mechanical techniques. Overall, the flow assurance engineers will gain new perspectives from this study regarding how to deal with the risk of pipeline blockage caused by the problems mentioned earlier.

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Can kinetic hydrate inhibitors inhibit the growth of pre-formed gas hydrates?

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Elucidating the Impact of Thermodynamic Hydrate Inhibitors and Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors on a Complex System of Natural Gas Hydrates: Application in Flow Assurance

Elucidating the Impact of Thermodynamic Hydrate Inhibitors and Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors on a Complex System of Natural Gas Hydrates: Application in Flow Assurance

Natural Pectin and Commercial Luvicap-Bio as Green Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors: A Comparative Evaluation by Crystal Growth Inhibition Methods

Omniphobic/superhydrophobic surface effect on oil and gas flow: A critical review

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