Can hydrogen pellets be vaporized by the stored beam?

Production of the ω meson in thepd→He3ωreaction at 1450 MeV and 1360 MeV

“…This is in line with the figures obtained from a recent measurement of the pd → 3 He η reaction at T p = 893 MeV [25]. The vaporization of the pellet is expected to be higher at lower energies [24], but the amount of rest gas also depends upon other time-dependent experimental conditions, such as the beam-target overlap, the efficiency of the vacuum pumps, and the performance of the pellet dump. Since the energy reconstruction procedure assumes that all particles come from a well defined interaction point, the measured energy and momentum of particles produced far from the pellet target will have larger uncertainties and thus degrade the missing-mass resolution.…”

“…However, such reactions can also occur through interactions of the beam with the rest gas, the beam halo with the rest gas, and the beam halo with the beam pipe. Rest gas is produced when the pellets are vaporized by the beam [24] or when the pellets are not properly captured in the pellet beam dump. In the present work, we found that around 30% of the data was not produced from the region of the pellet target.…”