Can HIV infection during pregnancy cause an intrauterine growth restriction?

Cambrea, Simona Claudia; Tănase, Doina Eugenia; Ilie, Maria Margareta; Simona, Diaconu,; Marcaş, Consuela; Carp, Dalia Sorina; Halichidis, Stela; Petcu, Lucian Cristian

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-s1-o5

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Although clinical trials have been conducted in large cohorts of HIV-positive pregnant women and it has been thought that certain factors such as maternal age or gestational age may influence the number of CD4 lymphocytes in pregnancy, this has not been examined previously. The mean values of CD4 in HIV-positive pregnant women examined in our study were similar to the mean values of pregnant women from other studies [37,38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Clinical and Biological Risk Factors Associated with Increased Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Two South-East HIV-AIDS Regional Centers in Romania

Cambrea

Marcu²,

Cucli³

et al. 2022

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: The occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children in Romania has been reported since 1989. This retrospective study was aimed at assessing clinical and biological risk factors for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in two HIV-acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) Regional Centers (RCs), Constanta and Craiova in Romania. Materials and Methods: During the study period (2008–2019), 408 HIV-positive pregnant women, 244 from Constanta RC and 164 from Craiova RC who attended antenatal visits, were included. All HIV-positive pregnant women were under combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) during pregnancy and childbirth, being followedup with their infants up to 18 months after delivery. We investigated the clinical as well as biological risk factorsassociated with increased MTCT of HIV. Results: Comparing different variables of HIV-positive pregnant women from the two HIV-AIDS CRs, we find that there are significant differences between the mean value of hemoglobin, CD4 level, environmental area, marital and amniotic membranes status, and HIV patient stage in the last trimester of pregnancy (p < 0.05), but without any differences in mother’s mean age, education level, type of delivery, breastfeeding, the duration of cART administration, HIV viral load, and survival rate. Conclusions: In 408 HIV-positive pregnant women followed up at two HIV-AIDS RCs in Romania, the most important clinical and biological risk factors associated with increased MTCT of HIV are represented by anemia, CD4 level, and HIV patient stage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…During the 2008-2013 period, one study from Constanta RC showed a mortality among HIV-positive mothers of 7.2%, much smaller compared to 11.4% recorded in our study [37,40]. Moreover, we supposed that the total viral suppression (below 50 copies/mL for this study) shows to have a higher protective effect against MTCT of HIV [41,42].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 44%

Clinical and Biological Risk Factors Associated with Increased Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Two South-East HIV-AIDS Regional Centers in Romania

Cambrea

Marcu²,

Cucli³

et al. 2022

Medicina

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“…Our data are sustained by the international literature. Cailhol and Dreyfuss obtained the same results [43][44][45].…”

Section: Personal Contributionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Value of Caesarian Section in HIV-Positive Women

Cambrea¹,

Pinzaru²

2018

Caesarean Section

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The international main goal is to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission. The appropriate birth delivery for seropositive woman has been analyzed since the beginning of the twenty-first century. Although at the beginning of HIV pandemic delivery by caesarian section (C-section) was considered mandatory in many studies and meta-analyses, recent information reveal limited benefits. Mother-to-child transmission is higher when mothers are diagnosed late during pregnancy, in advanced stages with a high HIV viral load, and labor with membranes ruptured for more than 4 h, especially when the antiretroviral treatment is not respected. During vaginal delivery, the risk of HIV transmitting to infant is due to microtransfusions during uterine contractions or by newborn exposure to cervicovaginal secretions or blood. Although the indication of C-section in HIV-positive women is controversial, there are some situations in which C-section remains mandatory. In mothers diagnosed late during pregnancy, in situation in which HIV viral load is not affordable in real time in the last trimester of pregnancy, and in mothers with poor adherence to antiretroviral treatment, C-section remains one of the most important measures of prevention for HIV mother-to-child transmission.

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“…12 HIV infection in mother itself can cause IUGR. 13 SGA babies are at a higher risk for peripartum HIV transmission but in our study all four babies who found HIV positive, had birth weight ≥2.5kg, hence further research is needed to study the mechanism of transmission in relation to birth weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Maternal and fetal outcomes in HIV positive pregnant female

2016

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Mother to child transmission (MTCT) is not an uncommon mode of HIV transmission, especially in resource poor countries. The transmission of HIV from HIV-positive mother to her child during pregnancy, labour, delivery or breastfeeding is called mother-to-child transmission. According to current NACO guidelines pregnant women who are found HIV positive, should have immediate and lifelong ART to treat HIV and improve her own health, maximally suppress maternal viral load prior to conception to decrease the risk of perinatal transmission and of HIV transmission to an uninfected partner. 1 Sexual partners should be encouraged to receive counseling and HIV testing and, if infected, to seek appropriate HIV care. Although antiretroviral medications have the potential to improve health and extend the life of HIV-infected women, they may also result in unwanted adverse effects that may also compromise successful pregnancy and delivery. HIV infection itself has been associated with varying rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as increased spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, perinatal and infant mortality, intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weights and chorioamnionitis. 2,3

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Can HIV infection during pregnancy cause an intrauterine growth restriction?

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Clinical and Biological Risk Factors Associated with Increased Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Two South-East HIV-AIDS Regional Centers in Romania

Clinical and Biological Risk Factors Associated with Increased Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Two South-East HIV-AIDS Regional Centers in Romania

Value of Caesarian Section in HIV-Positive Women

Maternal and fetal outcomes in HIV positive pregnant female

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