Can gender differences in the prevalence of mental disorders be explained by sociodemographic factors?

Klose, Michael; Jacobi, Frank

doi:10.1007/s00737-004-0047-7

Cited by 156 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The three 11-min/trial OSST was not sufficient to induce an increased immobility over trials in the males but was strong enough to trigger the increased depressive behavior over trials in the females. This observation is consistent with the report that the female preponderance in depression cannot be explained by sociodemographic factors (Klose and Jacobi, 2004). Furthermore, our results show that the higher female vulnerability fluctuates across estrous cycle stages and is, at least partially, mediated by the sex hormones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Differential Gender-Related Vulnerability to Depression Induction and Converging Antidepressant Responses in Rats

Sun¹,

Alkon²

2005

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Vulnerability of females to depression among humans has not previously been reflected in animal models. Here, we show, by using a novel animal model of depression, that young female Wistar rats are clearly more vulnerable to depression induction than the males. This differential female vulnerability follows estrous cycle stages, is associated with cognitive impairment, and can be markedly transformed with sex hormones. Male hormone reduces vulnerability in females, whereas female hormone increases vulnerability in males. The induced depressive behavior in both sexes, however, is sensitive to imipramine and to the antagonism of the glucocorticoid receptors within a hormonal pathway previously implicated in human depression. Anisomycin, a protein synthesis inhibitor, eliminates the antidepressive effects of both antidepressants and male hormone but does not affect depression induction and estradiol-induced higher vulnerability. Moreover, direct cerebroventricular administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), whose mRNA levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex reach its lowest levels when estrogen levels are highest, is sufficient to rescue the antidepressive effects in the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor. A selective enhancement of BDNF expression and/or BDNF signal cascades in the neural circuits controlling mood may represent an effective strategy for the development of novel antidepressants for both sexes, whereas blocking the gender-related higher vulnerability to potentially depressogenic events may lead to the development of specific antidepressants for the females.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Differential Gender-Related Vulnerability to Depression Induction and Converging Antidepressant Responses in Rats

Sun¹,

Alkon²

2005

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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“…(Nakao et al, 2001). 5 Similarly, another study reported that being single, separated, divorced or widowed women, compared to married women is associated with a significantly increased likelihood of any mental disorders, except for somatoform disorder (s) (Klose and Jacobi, 2004). 7 In present study, somatoform disorder in widower and separated was having clear severity over its counterparts and therefore our study bridged the untouched area in this realm as well.…”

Section: Marital Statussupporting

confidence: 60%

“…5 Similarly, another study reported that being single, separated, divorced or widowed women, compared to married women is associated with a significantly increased likelihood of any mental disorders, except for somatoform disorder (s) (Klose and Jacobi, 2004). 7 In present study, somatoform disorder in widower and separated was having clear severity over its counterparts and therefore our study bridged the untouched area in this realm as well. Interestingly, Kismayer et al 8 found a lower risk of somatoform disorder in unmarried than in married subjects; this is in parallel with our observations of the present study, wherein those who were widow/widower have shown the highest suffering tendency as far as mean BSI scores for somatoform disorders were concerned (range= 44.74 to 46.62).…”

Section: Marital Statussupporting

confidence: 60%

A Study on Demographic Variables in Patients with Somatoform Disorders Conducted at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Psychosomatic Clinic, Vidarbha

Sharma¹

2017

jmscr

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“…Ancak yaş ilerledikçe kadın ile erkek arasındaki bu fark azalmaktadır. Depresif bozukluklar yaşamları süresince erkeklerin %5-12'sini, kadınların ise %10-25'ini etkilemektedir (15). MDB'nin kadınlarda erkeklerin 2 katı olmasının nedenleri olarak hormonal farklılıklar, genetik duyarlılık ya da MAO yüksek-liği ve tirod hastalıkları, menstruasyon gibi biyolojik etmenler yanında, çocukluğundan itibaren şiddete maruz kalma, girişken olma yönünden baskılanma, boyun eğen, pasif ve bağımlı olmayı öğrenme, kadına verilen toplumsal roller ve ondan beklentiler (ev işleri, çocuk doğurma, çocuk yetiştirme, eşe karşı sorumluluklar), düşük eği-tim ve gelir olanakları, işsizlik, düşük sosyoekonomik düzey, ayrımcılığa maruz kalma gibi riskler gösterilmektedir (13,14,(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Major Depresi̇f Bozukluk Epi̇demi̇yoloji̇si̇unclassified

Major Depresif Bozukluk’ Tanımı, Etyolojisi ve Epidemiyolojisi: Bir Gözden Geçirme

Celik¹,

Hocaoğlu²

2016

J Contemp Med

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'Major Depressive Disorder' Definition, Etiology and Epidemiology: A ReviewDepresyon tüm nüfusu etkileyen yaygın psikiyatrik bozukluklardan biridir. Tedavi edilmediğinde erken ölüm, genel sağlık durumunda bozulma gibi olumsuz sonuçlar yaratırken, doğru tanınıp, uygun bir şekilde tedavi edildiğinde hastanın yaşam kalitesini arttırmak mümkün olabilmektedir. Depresyonun klinik olarak farklı ve bazen tanısı zor olan birkaç alt tipi bulunur. Bu bozuklukların tanı ve tedavileri, psikiyatristler dışındaki hekimleri de, bu bozuklukların genel tıbbi hastalıkların seyrini ve prognozunu etkilemesi bakımından, ilgilendirmektedir. Bu yazıda depresyonun epidemiyoloji, etyoloji, fizyopatoloji ve tanısının güncel bir özeti yer almaktadır. Anahtar kelimeler: Major depresif bozukluk, etyoloji, epidemiyolojiDepression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders influencing the all population. Untreated depression may lead to early death and worsening in general health. Depression has several clinically distinct subtypes which are sometimes difficult to diagnose. Diagnosis and treatment of these disorders are of concern to physicians other than psychiatrists, because of their effect on course and prognosis of general medical diseases. This is a concise and up to date overview of the epidemiology,etiology physiopathology and diagnosis of major depressive disorder.

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Can gender differences in the prevalence of mental disorders be explained by sociodemographic factors?

Cited by 156 publications

References 82 publications

Differential Gender-Related Vulnerability to Depression Induction and Converging Antidepressant Responses in Rats

Differential Gender-Related Vulnerability to Depression Induction and Converging Antidepressant Responses in Rats

A Study on Demographic Variables in Patients with Somatoform Disorders Conducted at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Psychosomatic Clinic, Vidarbha

Major Depresif Bozukluk’ Tanımı, Etyolojisi ve Epidemiyolojisi: Bir Gözden Geçirme

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