Can FSRQs produce the IceCube detected diffuse neutrino emission?

Wang, Bin; Li, Zhuo

doi:10.1007/s11433-015-5759-3

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…In each case we use the same power-law assumption as before in order to compare to the observed flux. For FSRQs our analysis allows for a 7% contribution to the diffuse flux, which is in general agreement with a result found by Wang & Li (2015) who independently estimated that FSRQs do not contribute more than 10% to the diffuse flux using our earlier small-sample stacking result for 33 FSRQs (Aartsen et al 2014b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Contribution of Fermi-2lac Blazars to Diffuse Tev–pev Neutrino Flux

Aartsen¹,

Abraham²,

Ackermann³

et al. 2017

ApJ

255

196

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The recent discovery of a diffuse cosmic neutrino flux extending up to PeV energies raises the question of which astrophysical sources generate this signal. Blazars are one class of extragalactic sources which may produce such high-energy neutrinos. We present a likelihood analysis searching for cumulative neutrino emission from blazars in the 2nd Fermi-LAT AGN catalog (2LAC) using IceCube neutrino data set 2009-12, which was optimized for the detection of individual sources. In contrast to those in previous searches with IceCube, the populations investigated contain up to hundreds of sources, the largest one being the entire blazar sample in the 2LAC catalog. No significant excess is observed, and upper limits for the cumulative flux from these populations are obtained. These constrain the maximum contribution of 2LAC blazars to the observed astrophysical neutrino flux to 27% or less between around 10 TeV and 2 PeV, assuming the equipartition of flavors on Earth and a single power-law spectrum with a spectral index of −2.5. We can still exclude the fact that 2LAC blazars (and their subpopulations) emit more than 50% of the observed neutrinos up to a spectral index as hard as −2.2 in the same energy range. Our result takes into account the fact that the neutrino source count distribution is unknown, and it does not assume strict proportionality of the neutrino flux to the measured 2LAC γ-ray signal for each source. Additionally, we constrain recent models for neutrino emission by blazars.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Contribution of Fermi-2lac Blazars to Diffuse Tev–pev Neutrino Flux

Aartsen¹,

Abraham²,

Ackermann³

et al. 2017

ApJ

255

196

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“…Scenario 1: Constant baryonic loading: We assume a constant baryonic loading ξ( ) = ξ for all sources, as in Zhang & Li (2017); Scenario 2: Constant ratio L ν /L γ : We assume that the ratio between neutrino luminosity and γ-ray luminosity is constant, i.e., L ν /L γ ≡ K = const. This assumption is model-independent and has been used in previous works, such as Kadler et al (2016); Righi et al (2017); Halzen & Kheirandish (2016); Wang & Li (2016) to evaluate the flux of neutrinos from BL Lacs. In the context of our model, it implies that the product ξ × ν = K (cf., Eq.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of the Diffuse Astrophysical Neutrino Flux in Terms of the Blazar Sequence

Palladino¹,

Rodrigues²,

Gao³

et al. 2019

ApJ

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We study if the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux can come from blazar jets -a subclass of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) -while it, at the same time, respects the blazar stacking limit based on source catalogs and is consistent with the observation from TXS 0506+056. We compute the neutrino flux from resolved and unresolved sources using an averaged, empirical relationship between electromagnetic spectrum and luminosity, known as the blazar sequence, for two populations of blazars (BL Lacs and FSRQs). Using a source model with realistic neutrino flux computations, we demonstrate that blazars can indeed power the diffuse neutrino flux at the highest energies and obey the stacking limit at the same time, and we derive the conditions for the baryonic loading (proton versus γ-ray luminosity) evolving over the blazar sequence. Under the hypothesis that low-luminosity blazars power the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux, we find that the dominant contribution of the diffuse flux up to PeV energies must come from unresolved BL Lacs with baryonic loadings larger than about 10 5 -while only a very small contribution may come from resolved high-luminosity BL Lacs or FSRQs, which can be directly tested by the stacking limit. We find that the blazar TXS 0506+056 is on the verge of these populations in our baseline scenario, at a relatively high luminosity and redshift; as a consequence we predict about 0.3 γ-ray-neutrino associations per year from the whole population, dominated by BL Lacs with L γ 10 45 erg/s and z ∼ 0.1. arXiv:1806.04769v4 [astro-ph.HE]

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“…河外起源的解释包括河外的点源, 例如伽玛射线暴 [42,43] 、活动星系核 [44,45] 和恒星形成或星暴星系 [46][47][48] , 也包括来自极高能宇宙线传播过程产生的 GZK 中微子等 [49,50] . [51,52] , 结果发现以上提到的多种中微子产生模型, 除了星暴星系之外都不被支持. 我们依据 Waxman 的观点 [53] 作一个较为宽泛的讨论.…”

Section: 高能弥散中微子起源的理论探讨unclassified

高能中微子天文观测进展

Wang

2015

Sci. Sin.-Phys. Mech. Astron.

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Can FSRQs produce the IceCube detected diffuse neutrino emission?

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

The Contribution of Fermi-2lac Blazars to Diffuse Tev–pev Neutrino Flux

The Contribution of Fermi-2lac Blazars to Diffuse Tev–pev Neutrino Flux

Interpretation of the Diffuse Astrophysical Neutrino Flux in Terms of the Blazar Sequence

高能中微子天文观测进展

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