Can Footprints of Small and Medium Sized Felids be Distinguished in the Field? Evidences from Brazil's Atlantic Forest

Carvalho, William Douglas de; Rosalino, Luís Miguel; Dalponte, Júlio César; Santos, Bárbara dos; Adania, Cristina Harumi; Esbérard, Carlos Eduardo Lustosa

doi:10.1177/194008291500800313

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Additionally, the center of pressure (COP) shifted significantly in medial-lateral direction during voluntary head movements. The average of contact area seems to be smaller comparing to previous study, as footprints of the domestic cats are approximately three cm in diameter both in the fore- and hind limbs (Douglas de Carvalho et al, 2015). However, the breed of cats that were recruited in this study is Chinese garden cat, and their footprints are highly smaller than that of the domestic cat mentioned in the above study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

The effect of voluntary head movements on postural kinetics in the standing cat

Song

Wang

Baker

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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BackgroundAlthough the postural instability accompanying bilateral vestibular loss in human and quadrupeds during lateral head movements are well-known, it is still unclear whether or not lateral head turns would indeed activate the postural control system to maintain balance. This study aimed to examine the kinetic parameters in freely standing intact cats during head movements in order to further answer the above question.MethodsSix intact cats were trained to stand, unrestrained on a force plate and perform voluntary head movements to the left and right positions in response to visual cues. Each trial was divided into two phases, quiet standing with the cat’s head maintaining a straight forward and lateral head position after voluntary head movements. Kinetic parameters including peak pressure and contact area under each limb as well as center of pressure (COP) displacements of the whole body were measured.ResultsCompared to the neutral head position, peak pressure and contact area of the left head position were significantly smaller for the left forelimb while greatly larger for the right forelimb. An exact opposite case of peak pressure and contact area in the forelimbs was found between the right and neutral head positions. In addition, the COP displacements altered oppositely to the head movements, and presented a significantly right shift in the left position and a significantly left shift in the right position.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that the lateral displacement of the head in standing intact cats does activate the postural adjustment to maintain balance, which is consistent with the concept that vestibular input can contribute to postural balance during voluntary head turns.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

The effect of voluntary head movements on postural kinetics in the standing cat

Song

Wang

Baker

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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“…A identificação das espécies, incluindo os ossos e os dentes de pequenos mamíferos, foi feita de acordo com Eisenberg & Redford (1999), Gardner (2008), Patton et al (2015), Cherem et al (2018) e por comparação com o material depositado nas coleções supramencionadas. Identificaram-se as pegadas conforme Becker & Dalponte (1991) e Carvalho et al (2015). As fezes, quando possível, foram identificadas de acordo com González & Martínez (2010).…”

Section: Pontounclassified

Levantamento rápido de mamíferos em duas áreas antropizadas no estado de Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil

Cherem,

Hadler

2023

ABC

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O estado de Santa Catarina apresenta uma mastofauna diversificada, mas algumas áreas ainda permanecem pouco amostradas. Nesse sentido, apresentam-se aqui os resultados obtidos com o levantamento rápido de mamíferos em duas áreas antropizadas na região nordeste do estado de Santa Catarina. As amostragens ocorreram em junho e setembro de 2018 em uma área em Araquari, e em março e setembro de 2021 em uma área em Porto Belo. Foram empregados os métodos de observação direta, levantamento de vestígios (incluindo a análise de dentes e ossos de pequenos mamíferos em fezes de predadores) e armadilhas fotográficas em ambas as áreas, e captura de pequenos mamíferos com armadilhas em Araquari e entrevistas em Porto Belo. Identificaram-se 22 espécies em Araquari e 10 em Porto Belo, totalizando 27 espécies, pertencentes a 13 famílias e sete ordens de mamíferos. A lista inclui duas espécies ameaçadas (Leopardus guttulus e Puma concolor) e duas exóticas invasoras (Mus musculus e Rattus norvegicus). Foram também registradas quatro espécies domésticas, sendo dois exóticos invasores (Canis familiaris e Felis catus). Em Araquari, Oxymycterus quaestor foi o pequeno mamífero mais capturado. Cerdocyon thous foi a espécie de médio e grande porte mais comumente registrada em ambas as áreas.

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“…The area of the cat paw was considered to be 3 cm 2 (e.g. de Carvalho et al, 2015). The following simplification was used for this estimate: we assumed that the cat is equally likely to step anywhere on the walkway for a given stride.…”

Section: Gaze Coordination With Strides Increases On Complex Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaze coordination with strides during walking in the cat

Zubair

Chu

Johnson

et al. 2019

The Journal of Physiology

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Key points Vision plays a crucial role in guiding locomotion in complex environments, but the coordination between gaze and stride is not well understood. The coordination of gaze shifts, fixations, constant gaze and slow gaze with strides in cats walking on different surfaces were examined. It was found that gaze behaviours are coordinated with strides even when walking on a flat surface in the complete darkness, occurring in a sequential order during different phases of the stride. During walking on complex surfaces, gaze behaviours are typically more tightly coordinated with strides, particularly at faster speeds, only slightly shifting in phase. These findings indicate that the coordination of gaze behaviours with strides is not vision‐driven, but is a part of the whole body locomotion synergy; the visual environment and locomotor task modulate it. The results may be relevant to developing diagnostic tools and rehabilitation approaches for patients with locomotor deficits. Abstract Vision plays a crucial role in guiding locomotion in complex environments. However, the coordination between the gaze and stride is not well understood. We investigated this coordination in cats walking on a flat surface in darkness or light, along a horizontal ladder and on a pathway with small stones. We recorded vertical and horizontal eye movements and 3‐D head movement, and calculated where gaze intersected the walkway. The coordination of gaze shifts away from the animal, gaze shifts toward, fixations, constant gaze, and slow gaze with strides was investigated. We found that even during walking on the flat surface in the darkness, all gaze behaviours were coordinated with strides. Gaze shifts and slow gaze toward started in the beginning of each forelimb's swing and ended in its second half. Fixations peaked throughout the beginning and middle of swing. Gaze shifts away began throughout the second half of swing of each forelimb and ended when both forelimbs were in stance. Constant gaze and slow gaze away occurred in the beginning of stance. However, not every behaviour occurred during every stride. Light had a small effect. The ladder and stones typically increased the coordination and caused gaze behaviours to occur 3% earlier in the cycle. At faster speeds, the coordination was often tighter and some gaze behaviours occurred 2–16% later in the cycle. The findings indicate that the coordination of gaze with strides is not vision‐driven, but is a part of the whole body locomotion synergy; the visual environment and locomotor task modulate it.

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Can Footprints of Small and Medium Sized Felids be Distinguished in the Field? Evidences from Brazil's Atlantic Forest

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

The effect of voluntary head movements on postural kinetics in the standing cat

The effect of voluntary head movements on postural kinetics in the standing cat

Levantamento rápido de mamíferos em duas áreas antropizadas no estado de Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil

Gaze coordination with strides during walking in the cat

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