Can financial rewards complement altruism to raise deceased organ donation rates?

Abstract

Background: Organ supply–demand in developing countries worldwide has continued to widen. Hence, using a large survey (n ¼ 10,412), this study seeks to investigate whether human psychology could be used to inculcate philanthropy to raise deceased organ donation rates. Methods: Three models were constructed to examine multidimensional relationships among the variables. Structural equation modeling was applied to estimate the direct and indirect influence of altruism, financial incentives, donation perception, and socioeconomic status simultaneously on willingness to donate deceased organs. Ethical Considerations: The study was approved by the University of Malaya ethics committee. Results: The results show that altruism amplifies the impact of socioeconomic status and donation perception on willingness to donate. Also, the results show that financial incentives cannot complement altruism to raise organ donation rates. Hence, investing in education and public awareness enhances altruism in people, which then increases the propensity to donate. Conclusion: Evidence suggests that governments should allocate resources to increase public awareness about organ donation. Awareness programs about the importance of philanthropic donations and the participation of medical consultants at hospitals in the processes form the foundation of such a presumptive approach.

Lessons Learned in Piloting a Digital Personalized COVID-19 “Radar” on a University Campus

“…9 Alerts are received only after a user is exposed, at which point quarantine could prevent exposure of others but could not reverse the user's own exposure.Financial compensation for using an EN app has been shown to improve uptake 9-11 but is not feasible for large-scale deployment. 12,13 Privacy concerns are cited as major barriers to adoption of EN apps, 14 especially when they track a user's location (eg, using global positioning systems, Wi-Fi, QR code scanners, financial transaction data). 15,16 Some technologies avoid recording a person's geolocation by measuring only proximity between users (eg, Bluetooth signal strength 17,18 or inaudible…”

“…Financial compensation for using an EN app has been shown to improve uptake 9 - 11 but is not feasible for large-scale deployment. 12 , 13 …”

Donor recognition: A double‐edged sword in charitable giving

“…How to promote individual charitable giving is a quest in many disciplines, including business and social science (Sargeant & Woodliffe, 2007). People's prosocial behaviors, such as donating to charities, are driven by three primary motivations: (1) the intrinsic motivation, such as pure altruism or inequality aversion, as people care for others' well‐being (Andreoni, 1989; Caviola et al, 2021; Milaniak et al, 2018; Polonsky et al, 2002; Rasiah et al, 2020); (2) the extrinsic motivation, which refers to the material rewards received, such as gifts and financial incentives (Atiq & Tripathi, 2016; Bagheri et al, 2019; Bowie et al, 2022; Chang & Chen, 2019; Sargeant et al, 2006); and (3) the reputation motivation, which implies that people care about their social images perceived by others and themselves (Aknin & Whillans, 2021; Glazer & Konrad, 1996; Graça & Zwick, 2021; Holländer, 1990; Paramita et al, 2022; Sargeant & Jay, 2004; Septianto et al, 2021). A large volume of research examines these three motivations of charitable giving, as reviewed in the following section.…”

Do Narcissistic Managers Prefer Incentive Systems Based on Financial Instruments? An Analysis Based on Choice Experiments

“…In addition, there are models that group together the different types of incentives [15], which include base salary, performance, and career management; salary in the event of contingencies; and good working environment, perks, and work-life balance. These are designed according to the norms and cultures of each country [16], so it is easy to find specific features that differentiate them.…”