Can Endoscopic Injection of Epinephrine Prevent Surgery in Gastroduodenal Ulcer Bleeding? An Analysis of 107 Cases

Abstract

Endoscopic injection therapy with epinephrine reduces operation rates and can be used safely in adequate hemostasis of gastroduodenal ulcers.

Storage and utilization patterns of cleaning products in the home: Toxicity implications

“…A retrospective study by Arevalo-Silva in Israel (from 1988 showed that the most common caustic agents ingested among all patients with clinical signs of aerodigestive system injury were alkalis (42%), followed by acids (32%), and chlorine bleach (26%) (ArevaloSilva et al, 2006). A second retrospective study in Turkey (from 1995 to 2002) for all patients with signs of caustic agent poisoning found that 47% ingested acids, while 21% ingested alkalis (Ertekin et al, 2004). A third study in Zimbabwe found that household chemical poisoning admissions were mainly due to paraffin (kerosene), while bleach and caustic agents contributed to a minor percentage of cases (Nhachi and Kasilo, 1994).…”

“…For example, ingestion of caustic cleaning products mainly leads to gastric and duodenal injuries. Inhalation of caustic agents, on the other hand, leads to a wide range of symptoms that are mainly related to the respiratory system (Micromedex, 2006;Nuutinen et al, 1995;Ertekin et al, 2004). Serious undesirable effects may also result due to the mixing of different cleaning products, as this can generate hazardous fumes sufficient to cause those exposed to seek medical attention.…”

“…Caustic agent ingestion causes severe gastrointestinal toxicity (Micromedex, 2006). Acids cause more caustic burns than alkalis and the damage is worse in cases of intentional ingestion (Nuutinen et al, 1995;Arevalo-Silva et al, 2006;Ertekin et al, 2004). Chlorine bleach causes mucosal erosions, GI irritation, ear, nose, and throat lesions, and it is also associated with asthma symptoms (Bert O'Malley, 1993;Medina-Ramon et al, 2005).…”

Cardiac arrest due to massive aspiration from a broncho-esophageal fistula: A case report

“…Injuries from caustic substance ingestion are associated with varying grades of damage to the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract including esophagitis, mucosal burns, necrosis and perforation, stenosis, and rarely, trachea-esophageal (TEF), and broncho-esophageal (BEF) fistulas. Suicidal caustic ingestion strongly correlates with severity of injury and carries high morbidity and mortality[ 1 ]. We present the case of a young man after suicidal caustic ingestion of drain cleaner fluid who developed a sudden massive gastric and duodenal content aspiration into his airway through acquired large TEF and BEF fistulas leading to cardiopulmonary arrest.…”