“…She demonstrates as well that such sympathy diminishes punitiveness toward Black offenders. Although limited, research in criminology shows that orientations such as compassion, empathy, and religious forgiveness are related to less support for capital punishment and to lower levels of punitiveness (see, e.g., Applegate, Cullen, Fisher, & Vander Ven, 2000;Godcharles, Rad, Heide, Cochran, & Solomon, 2019;Metcalfe, Pickett, & Mancini, 2015;Unnever & Cullen, 2007a;Unnever, Cullen, & Applegate, 2005, Unnever, Cullen, & Bartkowski, 2006Unnever, Cullen, & Fisher, 2005). More generally in the social sciences, a call exists to explore a range of racial views, including Whites' racial apathy (Brown, Bento, Gorman, Koku, & Culber, 2019;Forman & Lewis, 2006) and racial emotions (Bonilla-Silva, 2019).…”