Can EDTA Change MRSA into MSSA? A Future Prospective!

Jain, Sonia; Sengupta, Mallika; Sarkar, Shubhashish; Ghosh, Sougata; Mitra, Anita Nandi; Sinha, Anuradha; Chakravorty, Sriparna

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/17944.7280

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…EDTA, for example, can potentiate the cell walls of bacteria and destabilize biofilms by sequestering calcium, magnesium, zinc, and iron . Unlike previous studies which suggest this only occurs at higher concentrations, our study has demonstrated EDTA could reduce S aureus and MRSA biofilm formation at FDA‐approved and much lower concentrations. A similar antibiofilm effect on an MRSA strain was also seen for SCDT, another commonly used excipient.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Effect of commercial nasal steroid preparation on bacterial growth

Cherian

Cooksley

Richter

et al. 2019

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Background: Topical budesonide (Pulmicort; AstraZeneca AB, Sodertalje, Sweden) is commonly used in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Although its use is due to its perceived anti-inflammatory effect, studies have suggested that it may also have antibacterial properties. To make the hydrophobic steroid molecule suitable for topical administration, pharmaceutical excipients are used in commercial steroid formulations. Herein we investigated the antibacterial action of commercial budesonide and its excipients. Methods:Planktonic and biofilm forms of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were treated with Pulmicort or its excipients at clinically relevant concentrations. Bacterial growth was determined by optical density, resazurin assays, colonyforming unit counts, and Giemsa staining. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) studies assessed excipients' potentiation of antibiotics. Experiments were conducted in triplicate and results analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Results:There was significant reduction in planktonic and biofilm growth of S aureus and MRSA on exposure to budesonide (p < 0.0001) and its excipients (p < 0.0001). Excipient ethylene diamine-tetraactic acid (EDTA) demonstrated an antibacterial property even at the low concentrations used in topical preparations (p < 0.0001). With amoxicillin, excipients exhibited a potential additive/synergistic effect on MIC, whereas erythromycin and aminoglycosides showed an antagonistic action. Conclusion:The commercial product Pulmicort has a direct antibacterial effect on the planktonic and biofilm forms of S aureus and MRSA. This effect is at least in part mediated through the excipient EDTA in the product. Excipients also influenced the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics depending on the bacterial strain and antibiotic tested. C 2019 ARS-AAOA, LLC.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Effect of commercial nasal steroid preparation on bacterial growth

Cherian

Cooksley

Richter

et al. 2019

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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“…Staphylococcus aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is one of the most frequent causes of infections and generally forms biofilms on infected tissues [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Biofilms formed by aggregated microbial cells are surrounded by a self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix made of proteins, DNA, and polysaccharides and adhere to surfaces, such as those of living tissues [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Cells in Biofilms

Guo

Yang

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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Biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) is attractive for sterilization, especially to disrupt biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. In this study, CAP effectively reduced the living cells in the biofilms formed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and 6 min treatment with CAP reduced the S. aureus cells in biofilms by 3.5 log10. The treatment with CAP caused the polymerization of SaFtsZ and SaClpP proteins in the S. aureus cells of the biofilms. In vitro analysis demonstrated that recombinant SaFtsZ lost its self-assembly capability, and recombinant SaClpP lost its peptidase activity after 2 min of treatment with CAP. Mass spectrometry showed oxidative modifications of a cluster of peaks differing by 16 Da, 31 Da, 32 Da, 47 Da, 48 Da, 62 Da, and 78 Da, induced by reactive species of CAP. It is speculated that the oxidative damage to proteins in S. aureus cells was induced by CAP, which contributed to the reduction of biofilms. This study elucidates the biological effect of CAP on the proteins in bacterial cells of biofilms and provides a basis for the application of CAP in the disinfection of biofilms.

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“…Similarly, DMSO solubilizes the EPS matrix by forming electrostatic repulsion due to which destabilization of bioflm occurs. A study by Jain et al [10] showed that 4 mM concentration of EDTA inhibited bioflm and 20 mM concentration reduced the bioflm membrane of MRSA. Similarly, in the context of DMSO, Guo et al [11] reported that 2% DMSO had inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa bioflm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition and Reduction of Biofilm Production along with Their Antibiogram Pattern among Gram-Negative Clinical Isolates

Shrestha,

Khanal

et al. 2023

International Journal of Biomaterials

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Background. Bacterial biofilm is a significant virulence factor threatening patients, leading to chronic infections and economic burdens. Therefore, it is crucial to identify biofilm production, its inhibition, and reduction. In this study, we investigated biofilm production among Gram-negative isolates and assessed the inhibitory and reduction potential of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) towards them. In addition, we studied the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the Gram-negative isolates. Methods. Bacterial isolation and identification was done using standard microbiological techniques, following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline, 28th edition. The Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates, and β-lactamase production was tested via the combination disk method. Biofilm formation was detected through the tissue culture plate (TCP) method. Different concentrations of EDTA and DMSO were used to determine their inhibitory and reduction properties against the biofilm. Both inhibition and reduction by the various concentrations of EDTA and DMSO were analyzed using paired t-tests. Results. Among the 110 clinical isolates, 61.8% (68) were found to be multidrug resistant (MDR). 30% (33/110) of the isolates were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers, 14.5% (16/110) were metallo-β-lactamase (MBL), and 8% (9/110) were Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) producers. Biofilm formation was detected in 35.4% of the isolates. Biofilm-producing organisms showed the highest resistance to antibiotics such as cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and carbapenem. The inhibition and reduction of biofilm were significantly lower ( p < 0.05) for 1 mM of EDTA and 2% of DMSO. Conclusion. Isolates forming biofilm had a higher resistance rate and β-lactamase production compared to biofilm nonproducers. EDTA and DMSO were found to be potential antibiofilm agents. Hence, EDTA and DMSO might be an effective antibiofilm agent to control biofilm-associated infections.

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Can EDTA Change MRSA into MSSA? A Future Prospective!

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of commercial nasal steroid preparation on bacterial growth

Effect of commercial nasal steroid preparation on bacterial growth

Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Cells in Biofilms

Inhibition and Reduction of Biofilm Production along with Their Antibiogram Pattern among Gram-Negative Clinical Isolates

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