“…With deregulation, securitization, globalization, and rapid development of information technology, the different financial markets are increasingly integrated. Price volatility in one market, due to the irrational herd effect and incomplete information, usually has spillover effects on another market (King & Wadhwani, 1990; Orlowski & Sywak, 2019; Wen et al, 2018; Xiong et al, 2020; Y. Xu et al, 2017; X. Yang et al, 2019, 2021). Strohsal and Weber (2015) regard volatility spillovers as a proxy for the spread of valuable information among linked markets.…”