Can Data Mining Help Eddy Covariance See the Landscape? A Large-Eddy Simulation Study

Xu, Ke; Sühring, Matthias; Metzger, Stefan; Durden, David; Desai, Ankur R.

doi:10.1007/s10546-020-00513-0

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, this should have little to no bearing on the general findings that informed the CHEESEHEAD19 OSD, owing to ERF accounting for vertical flux divergence and the normalized study design. If at all, surface heterogeneity scales across the CHEESEHEAD19 domain are 630 more realistically reproduced compared to the idealized LES runs in many previous studies (e.g., Kanda et al, 2004;Xu et al, 2020;Sühring et al, 2018).…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Here we used ERF to reproduce the LES surface flux forcing from virtual EC tower, EC aircraft, and remote sensing observations (e.g., Serafimovich et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2017). These flux maps comply with observational assumptions that are not typically met from EC measurements alone, such as incorporation of mesoscale flows and spatial representativeness for the 10 × 10 km CHEESEHEAD19 target domain (Xu et al, 2020;Xu 310 et al, 2018;.…”

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Virtual atmospheres emulated in LES provide a controlled environment uniquely suited to disentangle surface-atmosphere feedbacks (e.g., Avissar and Schmidt, 1998;Kanda et al, 2004;Sühring et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2020;Margairaz et al, 2020).…”

Section: Les-erf Observing System Simulation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the resulting data is detailed to a point where it becomes challenging to fully utilize the provided information for extracting and describing the phenomena of interest. Xu et al (2020) point to a possible solution to this dilemma, by complementing detailed LES outputs with the dedicated ERF "knowledge from data" approach. Here, we took a next step and demonstrated the usefulness of the LES-ERF symbiosis for designing real-world field measurements.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 85 comparison, one innovation of the presented approach is that it provides design information prior to testing OSDs in the field. To achieve this, we expanded on recent studies of atmospheric turbulence in Large Eddy Simulations (LES;Sühring et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2020). Specifically, we computationally simulated virtual observations over the CHEESEHEAD19 domain in decameter-and sub-second resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observing system simulation experiments double scientific return of surface-atmosphere synthesis

Metzger

Durden

Paleri

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. The observing system design of multi-disciplinary field measurements involves a variety of considerations on logistics, safety, and science objectives. Typically, this is done based on investigator intuition and designs of prior field measurements. However, there is potential for considerable increase in efficiency, safety, and scientific success by integrating numerical simulations in the design process. Here, we present a novel approach to observing system simulation experiments that aids surface-atmosphere synthesis at the interface of meso- and microscale meteorology. We used this approach to optimize the Chequamegon Heterogeneous Ecosystem Energy-balance Study Enabled by a High-density Extensive Array of Detectors 2019 (CHEESEHEAD19).During pre-field simulation experiments, we considered the placement of 20 eddy-covariance flux towers, operations for 72 hours of low-altitude flux aircraft measurements, and integration of various remote sensing data products. High-resolution Large Eddy Simulations generated a super-sample of virtual ground, airborne, and satellite observations to explore two specific design hypotheses. We then analyzed these virtual observations through Environmental Response Functions to yield an optimal aircraft flight strategy for augmenting a stratified random flux tower network in combination with satellite retrievals.We demonstrate how this novel approach doubled CHEESEHEAD19’s ability to explore energy balance closure and spatial patterning science objectives while substantially simplifying logistics. Owing to its extensibility, the approach lends itself to optimize observing system designs also for natural climate solutions, emission inventory validation, urban air quality, industry leak detection and multi-species applications, among other use cases.

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Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Les-erf Observing System Simulation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observing system simulation experiments double scientific return of surface-atmosphere synthesis

Metzger

Durden

Paleri

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Drivers of decadal carbon fluxes across temperate ecosystems

Desai

Wiesner

Thom

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Long-running eddy covariance flux towers provide insights into how the terrestrial carbon cycle operates over multiple timescales. Here, we evaluated variation in net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) across the Chequamegon Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study AmeriFlux core site cluster in the upper Great Lakes region of the USA from 1997 to 2020. The tower network included two mature hardwood forests with differing management regimes (US-WCr and US-Syv), two fen wetlands with varying levels of canopy sheltering and vegetation (US-Los and US-ALQ), and a very tall (400 m) landscape-level tower (US-PFa). Together, they provided over 70 site-years of observations. The 19-tower Chequamegon Heterogenous Ecosystem Energy-balance Study Enabled by a High-density Extensive Array of Detectors 2019 campaign centered around US-PFa provided additional information on the spatial variation of NEE. Decadal variability was present in all long-term sites, but cross-site coherence in interannual NEE in the earlier part of the record became weaker with time as non-climatic factors such as local disturbances likely dominated flux time series. Average decadal NEE at the tall tower transitioned from carbon source to sink to near neutral over 24 years. Respiration had a greater effect than photosynthesis on driving variations in NEE at all sites. Declining snowfall offset potential increases in assimilation from warmer springs, as less-insulated soils delayed start of spring green-up. Higher CO 2 increased maximum net assimilation parameters but not total gross primary productivity. Stand-scale sites were larger net sinks than the landscape tower. Clustered, long-term carbon flux observations provide value for understanding the diverse links between carbon and climate and the challenges of upscaling these responses across space.

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Automated Integration of Continental-Scale Observations in Near-Real Time for Simulation and Analysis of Biosphere–Atmosphere Interactions

Durden

Metzger

Chu

et al. 2020

Communications in Computer and Information Science

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Can Data Mining Help Eddy Covariance See the Landscape? A Large-Eddy Simulation Study

Cited by 27 publications

References 41 publications

Observing system simulation experiments double scientific return of surface-atmosphere synthesis

Observing system simulation experiments double scientific return of surface-atmosphere synthesis

Drivers of decadal carbon fluxes across temperate ecosystems

Automated Integration of Continental-Scale Observations in Near-Real Time for Simulation and Analysis of Biosphere–Atmosphere Interactions

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