“…However, the stakes are high. The damage and confl ict that can be wrought by poorly conceived and inequitable development projects initiated by mining and other extractive companies has been well documented (Idemudia and Ite, 2006;Ite, 2005;Filer, 1999).Perspectives on mining and development remain polarized, refl ecting broader debates within the business and society literature about CSR and business contributions to development (Sayer, 2005;Amalric et al, 2004;Blowfi eld, 2004;Harcourt, 2004). Pro-business literature has for some time highlighted the business case and wider benefi ts of corporate contributions to economic and human development (Holme and Watts, 2000;Nelson, 1999), including for mining (McPhail, 2008).…”